History of the Fan

by G. Woolliscroft Rhead

ILLUSTRATIONS IN COLOUR

1.	RINALDO IN THE GARDEN OF ARMIDA. Louis XV. H.R.H. The Princess OfWales	Frontispiece
TO FACE PAGE
2.	A CONCERT. Dutch. H.R.H. Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll	[1]
3.	LA DANSE, AFTER LANCRET. Dr. Law Adam	[8]
4.	SEA NYMPHS. Italian. Mr. W. Burdett-Coutts, M.P.	[27]
5.	THE RAPE OF HELEN. ‘Vernis Martin.’ Lady Lindsay	[30]
6.	CHINESE FAN. Filigree and Enamel. Mr. M. Tomkinson	[46]
7.	CHINESE FAN. Red Lacquer. Miss Moss	[53]
8.	HOTEI AND THE CHILDREN. By Kanō-Shō-Yei, 1591. Mr. Wilson Crewdson.	[67]
9.	THE TAMAGAWA RIVER. By Kanō San Raku. Mr. Wilson Crewdson	[68]
10.	CUT VELLUM FAN. Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[107]
11.	FAN MOUNT. Bacchus and Ariadne. Mrs. Bruce-Johnston	Between pages [122] and 123
12.	PIAZZA OF ST. MARK. Mr. W. Burdett-Coutts, M.P.	[125]
13.	SPANISH FAN PAINTED IN THE CHINESE TASTE. Lady Lindsay	[127]
14.	PASTORELLE. Spanish. H.S.H. Princess Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg	[132]
15.	BULL FIGHTS. Spanish. Lady Northcliffe	[134]
16.	PASTORELLE. Louis XV. Wyatt Collection, Victoria and Albert Museum	[138]
17.	MOMENS MUSICALS. ‘Vernis Martin.’ Mr. Leopold de Rothschild, C.V.O.	[142]
18.	THE RAPE OF HELEN. ‘Vernis Martin.’ Lady Northcliffe	[158]
19.	DIDO AND ÆNEAS. Mrs. Bischoffsheim. Facing reverse of same Fan	Between pages [162] and 163
20.	‘CABRIOLET’ FAN. Lady Northcliffe	[164]
21.	[Pg xiv] DIRECTOIRE AND EMPIRE FANS. Miss Ethel Travers Birdwood, andMr. L. C. R. Messel, facing ‘Sans Gêne’ and Empire Fans	Between pages [170] and 171
22.	TELEMACHUS AND CALYPSO. The Dowager Marchioness of Bristol	[176]
23.	WEDDING FAN. Directoire. Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[188]
24.	WEDDING FAN. H.R.H. Princess Henry of Battenberg	[272]
25.	LE CERF DE ST. HUBERT. By Rosa Bonheur. M. Georges Cain	[280]
26.	THE RED FAN. Conversations Galantes. By Charles Conder. Mr. John Lane	[294]
27.	THE BLUE FAN. By Frank Brangwyn, A.R.A.	[296]

ILLUSTRATIONS IN HALF-TONE

28.	LE BAL D’AMOURS. H.R.H. Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll	[2]
29.	HOMMAGES OFFERED TO MADAME DE POMPADOUR. Mrs. Bruce-Johnston	[6]
30.	EGYPTIAN FAN HANDLES. British Museum	[14]
31.	TERRA-COTTA STATUETTES	[28]
32.	AN EASTERN POTENTATE TAKING TEA. Mrs. Hungerford Pollen	[33]
33.	INDIAN FLY-WHISKS AND PEACOCK EMBLEM OF ROYALTY. India Museum	[38]
34.	LARGE HAND-FAN OF SANDALWOOD. Mrs. Hungerford Pollen	[41]
35.	FLAG AND PALM-LEAF FANS. India Museum	[42]
36.	CHINESE FAN. Filigree and Enamel. Victoria and Albert Museum	[48]
37.	HAND-SCREEN, Front and Reverse. Mr. Wilson Crewdson	[50]
38.	LACQUERED FAN. Lady Northcliffe	[54]
	CARVED IVORY FAN WITH THE NAME ANGELA. Mr. W. Burdett-Coutts, M.P.	[54]
39.	CHINESE FAN WITH IVORY MINIATURES. Mr. W. Burdett-Coutts, M.P.	[56]
40.	CHINESE FEATHER-FAN (ARGUS PHEASANT) WITH CASE. Victoria andAlbert Museum	[59]
41.	NETSUKI (DAI TENGU). Mr. W. L. Behrens	[60]
	CAMP-FAN OF EAGLE FEATHERS. Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[60]
	DAGGER-FAN. Mr. W. L. Behrens	[60]
42.	SUYE HIRO OGI (Wide End) Open and Closed. Mr. W. Harding Smith	[63]
43.	AKOMÉ OGI (COURT-FAN). Mr. Wilson Crewdson	[64]
	WAR FAN (GUN SEN). Mr. W. Harding Smith	[64]
[Pg xv]44.	FOUR WAR FANS (GUMBAI UCHIWA). Mr. L. C. R. Messel, Mr. W. HardingSmith, Mr. W. L. Behrens	[69]
45.	WAR FANS (GUN SEN). Mr. L. C. R. Messel and Mr. W. Harding Smith	[72]
46.	MODERN JAPANESE FANS. Ivory with Gilt Lacquer and Painted Fan signed‘Kunihisa.’ Mr. M. Tomkinson	[74]
47.	THREE CHŪKEI. Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[76]
48.	PALM-LEAF AND HIDE FANS. British Museum	[77]
49.	PALM FANS, COCKADE INSCRIPTION FAN, FLY-WHISKS (TAHITI), ANDNORTH AMERICAN INDIAN FAN. British Museum	[82]
50.	THE TOURNAMENT. By A. Moreau. Victoria and Albert Museum	[87]
51.	FLABELLUM OF TOURNUS. Museo Nazionale, Florence	Facing each other between pages [90] and 91
52.	FLAB”ELLUO”FTOU”NUSxxxDetails
53.	IVORY FAN AND FLABELLA HANDLES. British Museum and Victoria andAlbert Museum	[92]
54.	FAN OF QUEEN THEODOLINDA. Cathedral of Monza	[96]
55.	COPTIC FLAG-FANS. Königl. Museum, Berlin	[98]
56.	QUEEN ANNE FEATHER-SCREEN. Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[102]
57.	DÉCOUPÉ FAN. Musée de Cluny	[109]
58.	FAN OF MICA. Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[110]
59.	VENUS AND ADONIS. By Leonardo Germo. Wyatt Collection, Victoria andAlbert Museum	[114]
60.	AN EMBARCATION. Mrs. Hamilton Smythe	[116]
	CUPID’S HIVE. The Dowager Marchioness of Bristol	[116]
61.	THE TRIUMPH OF BACCHUS. Lady Northcliffe	[118]
	BACCHUS AND ARIADNE. Lady Northcliffe	[118]
62.	THE MARRIAGE OF CUPID AND PSYCHE. Mr. Frank Falkner	[121]
63.	A SACRIFICE. Mrs. Bruce-Johnston.Facing the Colour Plate of Bacchus and Ariadne	Between pages [122] and 123
64.	RINALDO IN THE GARDEN OF ARMIDA. Miss Moss	[129]
	CAPTURE OF THE BALEARIC ISLANDS. Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[129]
65.	BETROTHAL OF LOUIS XVI. WITH MARIE-ANTOINETTE. Mrs. Frank W.Gibson (Eugénie Joachim)	[130]
66.	SPANGLED FAN. Spanish. Mr. Talbot Hughes	[136]
	FÊTE DE L’AGRICULTURE, Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[136]
[Pg xvi]67.	LA DANSE, AND PASTORELLE. Duchess of Portland	[141]
68.	PASTORELLE, AFTER LANCRET. H.R.H. Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll	[144]
69.	ACTÆON FAN. Musée de Cluny	[146]
70.	CEPHALUS AND AURORA. Mrs. Bischoffsheim	[148]
	VERNIS MARTIN. Mrs. F. R. Palmer	[148]
71.	A PASTORELLE, WITH TWO PORTRAIT MEDALLIONS. Wyatt Collection,Victoria and Albert Museum	[150]
72.	THE PARTING OF HELEN AND ANDROMACHE. The Dowager Marchioness of Bristol	[153]
73.	BATTOIR FAN. The Dowager Marchioness of Bristol	[154]
74.	FÊTE CHAMPÊTRE. ‘Vernis Martin.’ Wyatt Collection, Victoria and AlbertMuseum	[156]
75.	BELSHAZZAR’S FEAST. Metropolitan Museum, New York	[160]
76.	BUILDING OF THE PLACE LOUIS XV. The Dowager Marchioness of Bristol	[162]
77.	DIDO AND ÆNEAS. Reverse. Mrs. Bischoffsheim. Facing the Colour Plate ofsame Fan	Between pages [162] and 163
78.	‘CABRIOLET’ FAN. The Dowager Marchioness of Bristol	Facing each other between pages [164] and 165
79.	‘CABRI”OLET’ F”AN. The Do”wager Marchioness”
80.	WEDDING FAN. The Countess of Bradford	Facing each other between pages [166] and 167
81.	WED”DING F”ANLady Lindsay
82.	STICK OF MARIE-ANTOINETTE FAN. Musée du Louvre	[169]
83.	SANS GÊNE AND EMPIRE FANS. Mr. L. C. R. Messel. Facing Colour Plate ofDirectoire and Sans Gêne Fans	Between pages [170] and 171
84.	‘LORGNETTE’ FANS. Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[173]
85.	SPANGLED GAUZE FANS. Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[175]
86.	A LONDON FAN SHOP. Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[178]
	THE SURRENDER OF MALTA. Mrs. Hungerford Pollen	[178]
87.	FÊTES ON THE OCCASION OF THE MARRIAGE OF THE DAUPHIN. WyattCollection, Victoria and Albert Museum	[180]
	ENGLISH FAN. THE VISIT. Collection of Baroness Meyer de Rothschild	[180]
88.	ENGLISH FAN WITH MEDALLIONS AFTER COSWAY. Wyatt Collection,Victoria and Albert Museum	[182]
89.	IVORY EMPIRE FAN. Lady Northcliffe	[184]
	SPANGLED FAN WITH PAINTED MEDALLIONS. Mrs. Frank W. Gibson	[184]
[Pg xvii]90.	WEDDING FAN. Mrs. Hawkins	[186]
	ST. PETER’S, ROME. By J. Goupy. Dr. Law Adam	[186]
91.	EARLY DUTCH FAN. The Dowager Marchioness of Bristol	[190]
92.	ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA. Dutch. Miss Moss	Facing each other between pages [192] and 193
93.	AN EMBARCATION. Dutch. M. J. Duvelleroy
94.	DUTCH FAN WITH HEAD ON STICK. Sir L. Alma-Tadema, O.M., R.A.	[194]
95.	AN OFFERING TO CERES. H.R.H. Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll	[196]
96.	DUTCH FAN (DÉCOUPÉ). Mrs. Davies-Gilbert [198]
	DUTCH FAN WITH ‘PAGODA’ STICK. Mr. L. C. R. Messel	[198]
97.	MEDALLION FAN. German. Given by H.R.H. The Duke of Coburg to H.R.H.The Princess Victoria, H.R.H. Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll	[200]
98.	GERMAN FAN. Given by H.R.H. The Prince Consort to Queen Victoria	[200]
	GER”MAN F”A Landesgewerbe Museum, Stuttgart	[200]
99.	TWO GERMAN FANS. Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin	[202]
100.	ENGRAVED HAND-SCREEN. A. Carracci. Schreiber Collection, British Museum	[204]
	ENGRAVED HAND-SCREEN.C. F. Hörman.Schr”eiber Colle”ction, Bri”tish	[204]
101.	FÊTE ON THE ARNO, ‘ÉVENTAIL DE CALLOT.’ British Museum	[206]
102.	GROTESQUE FAN, STYLE OF CALLOT. Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris	[208]
103.	THE FOUR AGES. Abraham Bosse	[210]
104.	TITLE-PAGE. Nicholas Loire. Schreiber Collection, British Museum	[212]
	LA COQUETTE. Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris	[212]
105.	TAKING OF THE BASTILLE. Schreiber Collection, British Museum	[214]
	DUC D’ORLEANS. Miss Moss	[214]
106.	ABOLITION OF THE SLAVE-TRADE. Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris	[222]
	‘CABRIOLET’ FAN. Schreiber Collection, British Museum	[222]
107.	NAPOLEON SHOWS HIS TROOPS THE CHANNEL. Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris	[224]
108.	PROJECTED INVASION OF ENGLAND, Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris	[226]
109.	MARRIAGE OF NAPOLEON. Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris	[228]
	ADVENTURE IN RUSSIA. Schreiber Collection, British Museum	[228]
110.	A NEW GAME OF PIQUET. Schreiber Collection, British Museum	[232]
111.	THE MOTION. Schreiber Collection, British Museum	[236]
	THE NEW NASSAU FAN. Schreiber Collection, British Museum	[236]
[Pg xviii]112.	THE HARLOT’S PROGRESS. Mr. C. Fairfax Murray	[238]
113.	VISIT OF GEORGE III. TO THE ROYAL ACADEMY. Mr. F. Perigal	[246]
114.	MR. THOMAS OSBORNE’S DUCK-HUNTING. Schreiber Collection, BritishMuseum	[252]
115.	THE TRIAL OF WARREN HASTINGS. Mr. W. Burdett-Coutts, M.P.	[258]
	THE PARADES OF BATH. Mr. W. Burdett-Coutts, M.P.	[258]
116.	A TRIP TO GRETNA. Schreiber Collection, British Museum	[264]
	‘BARTOLOZZI’ FAN. Mrs. Frank W. Gibson (Eugénie Joachim)	[264]
117.	MISS CHARLOTTE YONGE’S FAN. Miss Moss	[274]
	FAN OF ASSES’ SKIN. Miss Moss	[274]
118.	PAINTED IVORY BRISÉ FAN. Mr. Leopold de Rothschild, C.V.O.	[276]
	PORTUGUESE FAN. Mr. J. H. Etherington-Smith	[276]
119.	LACE MOUNT. Youghal Co-operative Lace Society	[278]
	AN ENTOMOLOGIST. Countess Granville	[278]
120.	COCKS AND HENS. Claudius Popelin. Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris	[282]
121.	AUTOGRAPH FAN. Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, O.M., R.A.	[284]
	AUTO”GRAPH F”A Japanese. Mr. Frank Brangwyn, A.R.A.	[284]
122.	LACE FAN PRESENTED TO QUEEN ALEXANDRA FOR USE AT CORONATION.Her Majesty the Queen	[286]
123.	FEATHER-FAN. H.R.H. The Princess of Wales	[289]
124.	THE MEET. By Charles Detaille. M. J, Duvelleroy	[290]
125.	LACE FAN. By Alexandre. Victoria and Albert Museum	To face each other between pages [292] and 294
126.	LACE FAN. M. J. Duvelleroy
127.	DESIGN FOR FAN. By Frank Brangwyn, A.R.A.	[298]
	A GARLAND OF CHILDREN. By G. Woolliscroft Rhead	[298]

ILLUSTRATIONS IN LINE

	PAGE
Feather-fan, Nimroud	ix
Peacock-feather Fan	xii
Head-piece	xiii
Initial—Boy with Fan	[1]
Tea-fan	[9]
Initial—Vulture with Emblem of Protection	[10]
Fire-fan, Colombia	[12]
Portuguese ‘Abano’	[12]
Plaited Hand-fan, Egyptian	[13]
Hand-fan, Egyptian	[13]
[Pg xix]Hand-fan, Egyptian	[14]
Fly-whisk, Egyptian	[14]
Ceremonial Fans—from Rosellini	[15]
Cere”monial F”ns	[16]
Investiture of the Office of Fan-bearer	[17]
Umbrella or Canopy of Chariot of Rameses III.	[19]
Initial—Assyrian Fly-whisk	[20]
Assyrian and Persian Fly-whisks	[21]
Covers of Fly-whisks	[21]
Tail-piece—from an Assyrian relief	[26]
Initial—Greek Girl with Fan	[27]
Greek Fans	[28]
Greek Girl with Fan	[30]
Tail-piece—Girl with Fan	[32]
Initial—from printed Cotton Hanging, India	[33]
Cingalese Sēsata	[37]
Fly-whisk—from an illumination	[38]
Fly-”whisk- from a painting on talc, Madras	[38]
Emblem of Royalty	[39]
Royal Standards	[40]
Hand-fan	[41]
Plaited-Grass Fan	[41]
Flag-fan	[41]
Talapat Fan and Pankhás	[42]
Burmese Fan of Gold	[43]
Portion of Embroidered Muslin (Chamba, Nineteenth Century)	[44]
Fly-whisk used by Jains	[45]
Circular Fan, ‘Like the Moon’	[46]
Fan of Hsi Wang Mu (Japanese Painting, British Museum)	[47]
Fan of Ming Dynasty (Painting, British Museum)	[47]
White Plumed Fan of Hsi Wang Mu	[48]
Two Pear-shaped Screens	[49]
Initial—Japanese	[60]
Feather-fan, Japanese Painting	[61]
Hand-screen,Japa”nese P”nting	[61]
Fly-whisk, Upper Nile	[77]
Plaited Fans, South Pacific Islands	[79]
Plaited Fans, Hawaiian	[80]
Various Fans, Samoa	[81]
Variou”s FansBritish Guiana	[81]
Variou”s FansEcuador and Peru	[81]
Variou”s FansSouth-Eastern Pacific	[81]
Flag-fan, West Africa	[83]
Fly-whisk, Andaman Islands	[85]
Fly-”whiskTahiti	[85]
Fly-”whiskMatabele	[86]
Fly-”whiskEast African	[86]
Angel with Flabellum	[87]
Processional Flabellum	[88]
Coptic Flabellum	[89]
Flabellum, from Greek Psalter	[93]
Flab”ellumfrom Goar	[94]
Flab”ellumMonza	[96]
Flag-fan, from Vatican (a glass vase)	[98]
Banner-fan, from ivory diptich	[99]
Ghost-fan, Malay Archipelago	[106]
Fan of Ferrara, or Duck’s-foot	[107]
Fragments of Fan from Château de Pierre	[109]
Small Rigid Fans, 1590	[109]
Feather-fan, Milan	[110]
Diagram of parts of Folding-fan	[116]
Rigid Screen of Bologna, 1590	[127]
Fan of Rice-straw, Fifteenth Century	[138]
Dimensions of Fans, 1550-1780	[148]
Japanese Lady’s Court-fan	[175]
Long-handled Feather-fan	[176]
Ostrich-feather Folding-fan, Amsterdam	[196]
Flag-fan, Titian	[204]
Ivory Fan, Madras, Nineteenth Century	[231]
Plaited Fan	[232]
Hide-fan, from Benin	[271]
Queen Kapiolani’s Fan	[272]
From a Chinese Screen, Victoria and Albert Museum	[299]

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