[183] Or artistic skill, “artistry.” cf. Book I., chap. [xii].
[184] “Only”; cf. Introd., p. [xxviii].
[185] Note how Galen, although he has not yet clearly differentiated physiological from physical processes (both are “natural”) yet separates them definitely from the psychical. cf. p. 2, [footnote]. A psychical function or activity is, in Latin, actio animalis (from anima = psyche).
[186] The stage of organogenesis or diaplasis; cf. p. 25, [note 4].
[187] The spermatozoon now becomes an “organism” proper.
[188] Galen attributed to the sperma or semen what we should to the fertilized ovum: to him the maternal contribution is purely passive—mere food for the sperm. The epoch-making Ovum Theory was not developed till the seventeenth century. cf. p. 19, [note 3].
[189] i.e. we should be talking psychology, not biology; cf. stomach, p. 307, [note 3].
[190] Attraction now described not merely as qualitative but also as quantitative. cf. p. 85, [note 3].
[191] He still tends either to biologize physics, or to physicize biology—whichever way we prefer to look at it. cf. Book I., chap. [xiv].
[192] Aristotelian and Stoic duality of an active and a passive principle.