A little later the Presbyterians held a convention in our city. This too was an outcome of the war. In May, their General Assembly at Pittsburg had enacted some severe and radical measures in reference to slavery and loyalty to the national government. Many Presbyterians, especially of the border States, protested against this. The convention was called to consider the whole question. There were over two hundred delegates, mainly from the North; probably not a score of them were from the border States, including Missouri.[[115]] The aggrieved States were very slimly represented. The synod of Missouri was so opposed to the legislation of the General Assembly as to ask permission peaceably to withdraw from it. Their request was very earnestly debated. A pastor from Brooklyn, N. Y., joined hands with a pastor of St. Louis in behalf of the recalcitrant synod, urging, by great ingenuity of argument, that the synod should be permitted unmolested to secede. In their impassioned appeals on behalf of the aggrieved synod they were at times so eloquent that the galleries burst out into applause. The ladies waved their handkerchiefs. The style of the brother from our city was often quite flowery. These two defenders of the refractory synod sometimes complained in their speeches that they were not being fairly dealt with, and posed as martyrs; at other times their language became somewhat threatening.
But at last a Scotchman from Ohio got the floor. His speech was replete with mingled humor and sarcasm. The delegates and spectators were at times convulsed with laughter. Among other things he said, with a decided Scotch accent, “Mr. Moderator, the brethren who have defended the synod that wishes to secede have posed as martyrs. What is a martyr? In the time of the early church it was one who suffered for the truth which he believed and advocated. He was thrown to wild beasts and was torn limb from limb; or he was sewed in a sack and thrown into the Tiber, or he was burned at the stake. But what is a modern martyr? It is to live on Brooklyn Heights and be sent to Europe for the bronchitis.” A too personal thrust at the delegate from Brooklyn. “What is a modern martyr? It is to make an eloquent speech in an assembly like this and have the fair in the galleries wave their handkerchiefs. But the speech of the brother from this city brought to my mind an experience of my school days. I wrote an oration and handed it to my teacher for correction. When he had examined it he called me to him and said, ‘Taylor, if you would only pluck a few feathers from the wings of your imagination and stick them into the tail of your judgment, you would write a great deal better.’
“And then, if I heard correctly, we are threatened with disaster if we now vote against permitting this seceding synod to depart in peace. But shall we by threats be deterred from our duty? Having already cut off the seven hydra heads of secession, shall we now be frightened with the wriggle of its tail?”
This was the climax. There was long continued laughter and applause, which the moderator was unable to check. Peaceable secession found no more favor in this Presbyterian Convention than it had found under the general government of the United States. Secession was dead.
At last the end of strife in Missouri had come. It came in fact even before the surrender of Lee. Three days after the second inauguration of Mr. Lincoln, Governor Fletcher declared by proclamation that no organized armed force against the general government any longer existed in the State. He called upon all civil officers to resume their duties. And on the 17th of March, Major-General Pope, then in command of the Department of Missouri, issued orders to aid in carrying out the proclamation of the Governor. He withdrew the military forces from all districts where the people were ready to return in good faith to civil rule, and by August there remained less than a dozen military posts in the State; and these were kept up chiefly for the protection of the property of the Federal government.
And now rejoicing in peace which was based upon righteousness, St. Louis entered upon an era of great prosperity. She grew apace in commerce, wealth and population. No longer, as Carl Schurz characterized her before the war, “a free city on slave soil,” but a great free city on free soil.
THE END.
INDEX
- Abolitionists, denounced, [48];
- Alabama, Governor of, urges secession, [23], [33].
- Alton, Illinois, arms landed at, [79];
- Anderson, Reverend Galusha, pastor of Second Baptist Church, [122], [166];
- character of his church, [122];
- prays for president, [124]–126;
- outraged by sight of rebel flag, [126];
- his congregation sings America, [130];
- preaches against secession, [127]–130;
- attempted attack upon, [131];
- prints sermon in Missouri Republican, [133];
- marriage of, [131];
- visits Cincinnati, [131];
- left by secession parishioners, [133]–134;
- attempt to force resignation of, [136];
- preaches first Union sermon in Saint Louis, [137];
- preaches so-called “politics,” [139];
- his association with Christian secessionists, [141];
- one of his deacons won to the Union, [148]–149;
- his interview with artist of “The Slave Mart,” [156]–157;
- denounced by Presbyterian editor, [166];
- his life threatened, [167]–168;
- in Washington’s Birthday Parade, [249];
- joins Home Guards, [275];
- preaches to soldiers, [301];
- works in hospitals, [302];
- helps conscience-stricken Quaker soldier, [303];
- cares for religious work in Fifth Street Hospital, [304]–307;
- examines teachers for negro schools, [334]–335;
- preaches confidence in 1864, [339].
- Anderson, guerilla leader, [325].
- Anderson, Confederate prisoner, [302].
- Anderson, Reverend Richard, negro pastor, [176];
- Anderson, Reverend S. J. P., mistaken assault upon, [134]–135;
- Army and Brigade Hospitals, [288].
- Army, Union, Missouri troops in, [62];
- of the Frontier, [274].
- Arsenal in Saint Louis, [23], [82], [86];
- arms at, [21];
- situation of, [63];
- fight for, [63]–85;
- description of, [63];
- United States troops in, [64];
- threatened attack on, [69];
- fortifying of, [69], [73];
- two heads to, [70];
- rumors about, [74];
- plots against, [76], [77], [90];
- arms sent from, [77]–80;
- defense of, by Missourians, [83];
- prisoners from Camp Jackson at, [99]–102;
- munitions from Camp Jackson removed to, [104];
- “J. C. Swan” brought to, [118];
- draped in black for General Lyon, [212].
- Baptist Missionary Societies, hold meetings in Saint Louis, [365];
- division among, [365].
- Bast, George Y., casts only vote for secession in convention of 1861, [58].
- Bates, Edward, President Lincoln’s Attorney-General, [4];
- frees his slave, Richard Anderson, [12].
- Baton Rouge, arms stolen from, [104], [118].
- Battles, Boonville, [202], [288];
- Beauregard, General P. G. T., attack of, on Fort Sumter, [74];
- street in Camp Jackson named for, [104].
- Bell, Major William H., at Arsenal, [66], [67], [94];
- Belle Fontaine, the Cemetery, [4];
- Benton, Thomas H., most distinguished man in Missouri, [4];
- Bitterness of feeling in Saint Louis during the war, [159]–169.
- Blair, Frank P., [4], [92];
- member of Congress and friend to Lyon, [69];
- forms Home Guard, [69];
- visits President Buchanan, [70];
- appeals to Secretary of War in Lyon’s behalf, [73];
- in attack on Camp Jackson, [96];
- confers with Committee of Safety, [93];
- rumor of his intended attack on the state capital, [104];
- life of, threatened, [163]–165;
- proscribed, [169];
- in conference with General Lyon and Governor Jackson, [199]–201;
- opposes Fremont, [222];
- becomes conservative, [279].
- Blunt, General, drives guerrillas from Missouri, [273].
- Bogie, Mr., candidate for Congress, [5].
- Boonville, battle of, [202], [203], [288];
- panic at, [322].
- Border slave states, ignored by seceding states, [60];
- kept in Union by Missouri’s loyalty, [62].
- Bowen, Colonel, of militia, on Kansas border, [88];
- reports to General Frost at Saint Louis, [89].
- Breckinridge, Judge S. M., [45].
- Broadhead, James O, lawyer, [4];
- Brotherton, Marshal, deacon, slaveholder, emancipator, [170]–173.
- Buchanan, President James, [65], [68], [176];
- Buckner, General Simon B., surrenders Fort Donelson, [246].
- Bushwhackers in Missouri, [324];
- murders by, [325].
- Butler, General Benjamin F., [262], [285].
- Cairo, fugitives from panic flee to, [111];
- Calhoun, John C., disciples of, in Convention of 1861, [50]–51.
- Cameron, Simon, President Lincoln’s Secretary of War, [84], [88];
- visits Fremont, [222].
- Camp Jackson, [86]–105, [106], [119], [126], [159], [169], [181], [198], [203];
- Canby, General E. R. S., calls for soldiers, [320].
- Carthage, battle of, [288].
- Cavender, Mr., gives time to Home for Refugees, [293].
- Chamber of Commerce, division of, [153]–154.
- “Charcoals and Claybanks,” [276]–287, [341], [342];
- Chicago Convention nominates Abraham Lincoln, [54]–55.
- Chickamauga, battle of, [315].
- Chouteau, Colonel, house of, back from river, [7].
- Christian secessionists, [140]–141.
- Church, see “Pulpit,” “Baptist,” “Presbyterian.”
- City General Hospital, [290].
- City Hospital, [288].
- “City of Alton,” steamer, engaged to carry arms, [77]–80.
- “City of Louisiana,” fitted as a hospital, [297].
- Civil government in Saint Louis inaugurated, [7].
- “Claybanks,” see “Charcoals and Claybanks.”
- Clayton, Honorable A. M., of Alabama, [119].
- Clubs, political, [19]–22;
- see “Wide-Awakes” and “Minute Men.”
- Colonization Society, [175].
- Columbus, Kentucky, fugitives from panic flee to, [111];
- Committee of Safety, [92]–93.
- Committee on Federal Relations, of Convention of 1861, [53], [49];
- reports against secession, [57].
- Conant, A. J., unveils Lincoln’s portrait, [366].
- Conant, Major, in conference with Lyon and Jackson, [199].
- Confederacy, Southern, [71], [82], [87], [105], [119], [147];
- Confiscation, of war material in Saint Louis, [116];
- Constitution of Missouri, new, of 1865, [349], [356];
- Convention of Missouri of 1861, how created, [41]–42;
- met in Jefferson City, [42]–43;
- adjourned to Saint Louis, [45];
- its composition, [46]–48;
- pro-slavery in sentiment, [48];
- divided on how to preserve slavery, [49];
- conditional and unconditional unionists in, [50]–52;
- organization of, [53];
- speech in, by Orr, [54];
- action of, on Georgia’s Ordinance of Secession, [55];
- opposed by legislature, [56];
- sovereign in Missouri, [57], [231];
- voted down secession, [58];
- adjourned to meet on call of Committee, [58];
- came together in July, [227];
- established provisional state government, [228];
- sustained by Halleck, [235];
- required oath of allegiance, [235].
- Convention, Radical, of 1865, [342]–359;
- calling of, [342];
- composition of, [343]–344;
- met in Mercantile Library Hall, [343];
- a German as president of, [344];
- passed Emancipation Ordinance, [345]–346;
- made drastic requirements for the franchise, [349]–352;
- adopted “Oath of Loyalty,” [351]–353;
- amended the constitution, [349]–352, [360]–361;
- rejoicing in, over Lee’s surrender, [360];
- adjourned sine die, April 10, [361].
- Cooper, William, commissioner from Alabama, [23].
- Crum, Mr., candidate for Congress, [5].
- Currency, [268]–270;
- Curtis, General Samuel R., [274], [280];
- Davidson, Fort, battle of, [328].
- Davis, Jefferson, his letter to Governor Jackson, [87];
- Decisions for and against the Union, [146]–158;
- for the Union, [146]–149.
- Democrats, [20];
- on Saint Louis school board, [336].
- Divisions, caused by the war, [146]–158;
- Dix, Dorothea L., superintendent of nurses, [288];
- appoints Mr. Yeatman her agent in Saint Louis, [294].
- Donelson, Fort, capture of, [246];
- Sanitary Commission at, [296].
- Douglas, Stephen A., his debates with Lincoln, [11];
- Drake, Charles D., advocate of Oath of Loyalty, “Draconian Oath,” [355];
- calls for cheers for Lee’s surrender, [360].
- Dryden, John, altered quotation from, [148].
- Dug Spring, battle of, [288].
- Duke, Basil Wilson, leader of Minute Men, police commissioner, [72].
- Eliot, Reverend William G., D.D., [4], [301];
- Emancipation, Proclamation of, by President Lincoln, [149];
- Engler, Mr., banished because of resistance to assessments, [243].
- Everett, Edward, delivers oration on Washington, in Saint Louis, [271], [272].
- Ewing, General, [327]–330;
- Fair, Mississippi Valley Sanitary, held by Western Sanitary Commission, [309]–314;
- Federal Relations, committee on in convention of 1861, [49], [53], [57].
- Filley, Oliver D., mayor of Saint Louis, a friend to Lyon, [69];
- member of Committee of Safety, [92].
- Flags, absence of, in 1861, [23], [38], [131], [362];
- Fletcher, Governor T. C., [346];
- Floyd, John Buchanan, of Virginia, Secretary of War, sends arms south, [34].
- Foote, Commodore Andrew Hull, at Fort Henry, [245];
- at Fort Donelson, [246].
- Fort Sumter, fall of, [74], [75];
- effect of, in Saint Louis, [75].
- Foster, Mr., delegate to convention of 1861, [56].
- Freedmen’s Relief Society, organized, [294].
- Fremont, John C., offered Republican nomination for President, [5];
- Major-General, [206];
- his fleet on the Mississippi, [208];
- deceived at New Madrid, [209];
- at Cairo, [209], [230];
- fails to support Lyon, [208]–209, [212]–213;
- praises Lyon, [213];
- inefficiency of, [212]–213, [219], [223];
- declares martial law in Saint Louis, [213],
- in Missouri, [217];
- frees slaves of the disloyal, [217];
- is reproved by Lincoln, [217]–218;
- fails to reënforce Mulligan, [219];
- fortifies Saint Louis, [220];
- leaves for Jefferson City, [221];
- his campaign in Missouri, [221];
- appoints officers and approves bills improperly, [223];
- occupies Springfield, [221];
- at Jefferson City, [223];
- reproved by Secretary of War, [222], [223];
- removal of, [224];
- confidence in, shown by Germans, [225];
- his patriotism, [225];
- favored Charcoals, [279];
- aids hospitals, [288];
- fits up hospital cars, [296].
- Frost, General Daniel M., [66], [105];
- Fugitive Slave Law, execution of, demanded, [52];
- a dead letter, [181].
- Fur trade, chief trade in Saint Louis, early part of nineteenth century, [8].
- Gallaher, Reverend H. M., attacked, while in pulpit of author, [131].
- Gamble, Honorable Hamilton R., chairman of Committee on Federal Relations, [49], [50], [53];
- Georgia, Ordinance of Secession of, [55];
- commissioner from, visits Missouri officials, [53]–56.
- Germans in Saint Louis, in 1860, [1];
- Republicans, [16];
- enter volunteer service, [81];
- three fourths of volunteer force, [85];
- soldiers, [97], [98];
- at attack on Camp Jackson, [97];
- in the Home Guards, [106];
- rumor of intended rising of, [112];
- fear attack by Americans, [113];
- rumor of intended advance of, on Jefferson City, [104];
- attack on, [106]–107;
- bitterness against, [160];
- fired on, [204];
- at the Fair, [311].
- Giddings, Honorable J. R., of Connecticut Western Reserve, his address on slavery, [27], [28];
- his opposition to slavery, [27].
- Glenn, Honorable Luther J., commissioner from Georgia, visits Missouri convention of 1861, [53]–56.
- Glover, Samuel T., lawyer, [4];
- Grant, General Ulysses S., at Saint Louis, [100];
- at Cairo, [209], [223];
- at Paducah, [223];
- organizes an army, above Columbus, [245];
- at Fort Henry, [245];
- at Fort Donelson, [246]–247;
- on the Mississippi, [251];
- at Vicksburg, [298];
- sustains Western Sanitary Commission, [295];
- in Virginia, [320], [338], [340], [360];
- accuses Rosecrans, [321];
- at Appomattox, [360], [361].
- Greely, C. S., Esquire, of the Sanitary Commission, [289].
- Greely and Gale, loyal firm, name of, used as a blind, [104].
- Guerrillas, [240], [274]–275, [321]–324;
- Hagner, Major Peter V., description of, [67], [72];
- Hall, Mr., of Randolph County, member of Convention of 1861, [44].
- Hall, Willard P., provisional Lieutenant-Governor of Missouri, [228].
- Halleck, General Henry W., seizes secession rendezvous, [168];
- in command in Missouri, [234]–250;
- protects railroads, [239]–240;
- puts slaves to work for the government, [239]–241;
- assesses rich rebels, [242]–243;
- character of, [234];
- supports convention, [235];
- enforces requirement of oath of allegiance, [236], [352];
- suppresses display of rebel flag, [237];
- orders spies shot, [238];
- banishes spies, [238];
- censors newspapers, [238];
- feeds refugees, [242]–244;
- leaves Saint Louis, [250], [272];
- favors Claybanks and Charcoals, [279].
- Hammer, Colonel, [208].
- Hancock, Daniel J., deacon of Second Baptist Church, [123].
- Hancock, General Winfield S., anecdote of, [123].
- Hardee, General William J., [207].
- Harding, General, quartermaster general, sent by Governor Jackson to procure munitions, [90].
- Harney, General William Selby, orders troops away from subtreasury, [64];
- sketch of life of, [67];
- refuses chief command to Lyon, [68];
- sustained by General Scott and President Buchanan, [70];
- appoints Lyon in command at the arsenal, [72];
- called to Washington, [73];
- characterizes the militia bill as a secession measure, [103];
- returns to Saint Louis, [108];
- tries to quiet panic, [108]–109;
- proclamation of, [108], [115];
- seizes arms, [116]–117;
- his agreement with Price, [117];
- removal of, [118];
- succeeded by Lyon, [118], [198].
- Harper, Captain, extraordinary abolitionist, [174]–176.
- Henderson, Honorable John B., chairman of committee, reports against prayer of Georgia to secede, [55].
- Henry, Fort, capture of, [245].
- Home Guards, [62], [72], [73], [200], [274];
- “Homes,” for soldiers, [292], [296], [300];
- Hospitals, [288]–308;
- How, John, member of Union Safety Committee, [69], [92], [93];
- defeat of, for mayor, [71].
- Howell, Mr., conditional unionist delegate to Convention of 1861, [52].
- Hunter, General David, succeeds Fremont, [225]–226, [234].
- Independence, battle of, [273].
- Ironton, lead seized at, by Lyon, [118].
- Jackson, Governor Claiborn F., [44], [66], [71], [77], [79], [89], [94], [103], [105], [119], [198];
- sympathizes with secession, [23], [33];
- favors convention, [41]–42;
- receives Commissioner Glenn, [54];
- rumor of his intention to seize arsenal, [77];
- appoints police commissioners, [72];
- refuses troops, [84], [88];
- plants batteries, [86];
- in correspondence with Confederacy, [87]–88;
- summons special session of legislature, [88];
- confers with Frost on seizure of Saint Louis, [87]–88;
- buys munitions, [90];
- removes war material from Jefferson City, [104];
- a fugitive, [167], [227], [229];
- in conference with Lyon, [198]–202;
- visits Jefferson Davis at Richmond, [229];
- returns and issues proclamation, [231].
- Jackson, James, contraband, tries to learn to read, [265]–266.
- Jefferson Barracks, hospital at, [291];
- receives and treats eleven thousand soldiers, [292].
- Jefferson City, [70], [77], [88], [201], [346], [347];
- Jefferson, Thomas, purchase of Louisiana by, [6].
- “John Brown’s Body,” sung by Indiana troops, [245];
- Johnson, Reverend G. J., D.D., [161], [162].
- Johnson, J. B., M.D., of Sanitary Commission, [289].
- Kansas, War, [11];
- Kelly, Captain, at Camp Jackson, [90], [91].
- Kelton, J. C., Fremont’s assistant adjutant-general, [208].
- Knights of the Golden Circle, [317], [338];
- Krekel, Arnold, president of Convention of 1865, [344].
- Laclede, Pierre Ligueste, early trader, [6];
- Ladies’ Union Aid Society, [296];
- Lafayette, Marquis de, entertained in Saint Louis, 1825, [7].
- Lane, General, of Kansas, [284].
- Lawyers, distinguished, before the war, [4].
- Lead, seizure of, [118];
- exportation of, [118]–119.
- Lee, General R. E., surrender of, rejoicing over, [360], [361].
- Legislature, votes to expel free negroes, [11];
- creates Convention, [41], [42];
- opposes Convention, [56];
- attempts to carry Missouri into the Confederacy, [70], [71];
- special session of, [88];
- after capture of Camp Jackson, [103];
- fears attack, [104];
- puts Governor Jackson in absolute control of Saint Louis, [103];
- passes militia bill, [103];
- fugitive, [227], [232];
- passes secession ordinance, [231]–232.
- Lexington, Missouri, battle of, [219].
- Lieutenant-Governor, the unseated and fugitive secession, [227];
- Lincoln, Abraham, [4], [19], [32], [51], [62], [71], [82], [84], [94], [124], [149], [299], [318], [359], [360];
- his debates with Douglas, [11];
- his declaration of 1858, [11];
- misrepresentation of, [15];
- election of, [18], [51], [340], [341];
- speaks in Philadelphia, [37];
- inauguration of, [37], [38];
- nominated for president, [55], [338];
- his call for troops, [75];
- his call for troops denounced, [84];
- anecdote of, [162];
- policy of, toward Fremont, [217];
- recalls Fremont’s proclamation, [218];
- letter of, to Schofield, [282];
- allays strife, [285];
- effects of his death, [362]–365, [366];
- portrait of, [366].
- Lindell’s Grove, site of Camp Jackson, [89], [90], [165].
- Linton, Doctor, member of Convention of 1861, [43];
- in Convention of 1865; opposes Oath of Loyalty, [355].
- Lovejoy, Elijah Parish, death of, at Alton, [80].
- Lyon, Nathaniel, sketch of the life of, [66]–68;
- commissioned captain, [67], [68];
- claim of, to supreme command, at arsenal, denied, [68];
- visits the “Wide-Awakes,” [69];
- plans of, for arsenal, [69], [72];
- patrols vicinity of arsenal, [73];
- in command of troops, [70];
- in full command, [72], [73];
- plants batteries on bluffs, [73];
- empowered to raise and arm troops, [73];
- fortifies arsenal, [73];
- ability in defending arsenal, [76];
- dealings of, with Governor Yates of Illinois, [76];
- ruse of, to defend arsenal, [78];
- enrolls Missouri troops, [81], [83];
- refuses to remove troops, [84], [85];
- occupies bluffs, [88];
- declares governor in correspondence with Confederacy, [87];
- visits Camp Jackson in disguise, [92];
- meets with Committee of Safety, [92]–93;
- captures Camp Jackson, [95];
- removes munitions from Camp Jackson to the Arsenal, [104];
- made Brigadier-General, [118];
- seizes “J. C. Swan” and lead, [118];
- success of, [119];
- confers with Price and Jackson, [198]–201;
- campaign of, [201];
- at Boonville, [202]–203;
- occupies Springfield, [203], [207];
- occupies Jefferson City, [202];
- pleads for troops, [207], [208];
- moves against Price and McCulloch, [209]–210;
- his letter to Fremont, [210];
- praised by Snead, [211];
- killed in battle of Wilson’s Creek, [211];
- his army retreats to Rolla, [211];
- surprised Price and McCulloch at Wilson’s Creek, [211];
- body borne through Saint Louis, [212].
- McClellan, General George B., [298];
- nominated for president, [338].
- McCulloch, General Ben, [203], [207], [209];
- McDowell, Dr., Medical College of, made a military prison, [188]–189.
- McKinstry, Major J., suppresses disloyal papers, [214];
- McNeil, Colonel, commandant of Saint Louis, [206].
- McPherson, William M., [122], [123].
- Marmaduke, marches towards Missouri, [323].
- Marshall, John, his interpretation of the Constitution, [51].
- Marshall, Honorable Thomas, lectures of, on Henry Clay, and the Revolution, [25], [26];
- downfall of, [27].
- Martial law, proclaimed in Saint Louis and Saint Louis County, [213];
- Massachusetts, [26], [127], [295], [299].
- Meetings for prayer, [137]–138.
- Mercantile Library Hall, [116], [117], [183];
- Militia, of Missouri, to be called out by governor, [63];
- Minute Men, Democratic political club, [20];
- Mississippi Valley Sanitary Fair, of 1864, [309]–314;
- see “Fair.”
- Missouri Historical Society, [6].
- Missouri Republican, prints sermon on “Duty of Obedience to Established Government,” [133];
- its Union and Secession editors 143–144.
- Mitchell, Captain, of “City of Alton,” [79].
- Mulligan, surrender of, at Lexington, [219], [220].
- Napoleon, sells Louisiana, [6].
- Negroes in Saint Louis, slaves, [1], [9];
- Nelson, Reverend Henry A., [4];
- Presbyterian Unionist, [121].
- Neosho, guerrillas near, [323].
- New House of Refuge Hospital, [288].
- New Orleans, slave market, [172], [177], [182].
- Newspapers, see “Press.”
- Noble, Thomas S., sketch of life of, [155]–157;
- Nurses, qualifications of, for Saint Louis hospitals, [294];
- efficiency of, [305].
- Oath, to sustain the constitution of United States and Missouri, by Convention of 1861, [53];
- by members of Camp Jackson, [89];
- of fealty to Missouri asserted supreme, [103];
- of allegiance, taken by prisoners, [102], [196];
- in prayer-meeting, [137]–138;
- demanded by Halleck, [235]–236;
- keeps many from voting, [341];
- “of Loyalty,” [351];
- severity of, [354]–356;
- distress resulting from, [357]–359;
- “Test Oath,” [353];
- called “Draconian,” [355];
- set aside by Supreme Court, [359].
- Oliver, Mordecai, Secretary of State of Missouri, [228].
- Order of American Knights, [317], [331].
- Order of the Star, [317];
- see “Knights of the Golden Circle.”
- Ordinance of Emancipation, [345]–349.
- Orr, Honorable Sample, speech in Convention of 1861, [54].
- Paducah, occupied by Grant, [223];
- Sanitary Commission at, [296].
- Panic, in Saint Louis after capture of Camp Jackson, [101]–102;
- Partridge, George, Esquire, of Sanitary Commission, [289].
- Pierce, President Franklin, [68].
- Pike, General Albert, [244].
- Pillow, General Gideon J., [207], [208], [229], [230].
- Pilot Knob, Confederate troops near, [326];
- General Ewing at, [327].
- Planters’ Hotel, [163], [164];
- conference at, [199]–202.
- Plot against the Union, [315]–332;
- clues of, followed up, [316];
- object and character of, [317];
- names of organization in, [317];
- places and leaders in, [317];
- incited by press, [319];
- rumors of, get abroad, [320];
- movements by guerrillas, a part of, [321]–325;
- helped by bushwhackers, [324]–326;
- General Price in, [326]–331;
- failure of, [331].
- Police of Saint Louis, control of, in hands of Governor Jackson, [71], [72];
- Pope, Major-General John, [212], [368].
- Post, Reverend Truman M., [4], [121], [301].
- Praying for the President, [124]–126.
- Preachers, distinguished, before the war, [4].
- Preaching, against disunion, [127]–134, [136], [139]–140, [149], [166];
- Presbyterians, minister of, preaches on “The Ultimatum of the South,” [121];
- Press, the, attitude and influence of, [142]–145;
- censored by Halleck, [238];
- The Missouri Republican, [12], [116], [133], [143]–144,
- publishes sermon on “Obedience to Government,” [132];
- Harper’s Weekly, [15];
- The Missouri Democrat, [143],
- prints Te Deum extra, [247];
- Evening News suppressed for criticizing Fremont, [219]–220;
- War Bulletin and Missourian suppressed, [214];
- Christian Advocate threatened with suppression, [215];
- Metropolitan Record, circulation of, prohibited in Missouri, [319].
- Price, Sterling, president of convention of 1861, [53], [61];
- a Confederate general, [61], [117], [191], [234];
- campaigns of, [201]–203, [226], [326]–332;
- driven from Missouri, [203], [240], [244], [330];
- invades Missouri, [207], [209], [239]–240, [327];
- rumor of intended invasion of, [322]–323;
- in conference with Lyon, [198]–201;
- victorious at Wilson’s Creek, [211];
- occupies Springfield, [211];
- defeated at Pea Ridge, [244];
- recognizes guerrilla Anderson, [325];
- checked at Fort Davidson, [328];
- fails to attack Saint Louis and Jefferson City, [329]–330;
- destroys much property, [331]–332;
- failure of his last campaign, [331]–332.
- Prisoners, from Camp Jackson, [97]–99,
- Prisons, military, [188]–197;
- Pritchard, Colonel, [89].
- Proclamations, of General Harney, [108], [110], [115];
- Emancipation, of Lincoln, [149];
- of General Fremont, [217];
- of secession, Lieutenant-Governor, [229];
- of General Thompson, [230];
- of Governor Jackson, [231];
- of General Price, [233];
- of General Halleck, [236], [239];
- assessing rich rebels, [242],
- freeing slaves, [241];
- of Governor Gamble, [228]–229;
- of General Schofield, [284];
- of Emancipation by Governor Fletcher, [348];
- of the Revised Constitution, [357];
- declaring end of the war, [368].
- Protestants admitted to Spanish Saint Louis only by pass, [9].
- Provisional Government of Missouri, [228].
- Pulpit, [120]–142;
- Quaker conscience, [303].
- Quantrel, [273], [322];
- invades Kansas, [284].
- Quinby, Major-General, [249]–250.
- Quincy, fugitives from panic flee to, [111].
- Ramsay, Charles G., editor Evening News, imprisoned, [219]–220.
- Rawlings, United States Marshal, seizes munitions of war, [116].
- “R. C. Wood,” floating hospital, [297].
- Refugees, [251]–267;
- Republicans, [20];
- Rioting, after the capture of Camp Jackson, [101]–102, [106]–107;
- Robinson, Lieutenant, [64].
- Rolla, Missouri, Lyon’s army falls back to, [211];
- Rosecrans, General W. S., President of Mississippi Valley Sanitary Fair, [309], [316];
- Sac and Fox Indians, sell land, [7].
- Saint-Ange, Captain Louis, acting French governor, 1765, [7].
- Saint Louis, character of people of, in 1860, [1], [3], [4];
- Schofield, General John McAllister, in command in Missouri, [272]–275, [282]–286, [309], [315];
- Schools, for negroes, [333]–337;
- Schurz, Carl, address of, in Saint Louis, “The Doom of Slavery,” [16]–18, [369].
- Scott, General Winfield, denies supreme command to Lyon, [68], [70].
- Schuyler, Episcopalian clergyman, Unionist, [121].
- Search for arms, May 17, [116]–117.
- Secession, urged by cotton states, [23], [24], [33], [49], [57];
- of South Carolina, [24], [32], [33];
- of Gulf states, [32], [33], [36];
- of Georgia, [53], [55];
- reasons against, [35], [36], [48]–60;
- process of, [40];
- Missouri saved from, [40]–62;
- results of Missouri’s rejection of, [62];
- efforts for, [71], [81], [82], [147], [315], [332];
- preaching against, [127]–134;
- attitude of church and press toward, [142]–145;
- discussion of, [146]–148;
- divisions over, in families, neighborhoods and churches, [146]–158;
- division over in Chamber of Commerce, [153]–154;
- Ordinance of, passed by defunct legislature, [231]–232.
- Secessionists, active, preceding Lincoln’s inauguration, [38];
- in Missouri, hopeful, [42].
- Seward, William H., [11].
- Sheeley, Mr., of Independence, conditional unionist, [51].
- Shelby, General, invades Missouri, [326];
- opposes Ewing, [328].
- Sherman, General W. T., [295];
- Simmons, Colonel, [92].
- Simmonds, Medical Director, turns over the “Ben Franklin,” to Sanitary Commission, [297].
- Sisters of Charity, in hospital, [288], [302].
- Slave Mart, the, painting, [156]–157.
- Slave-pens, Lynch’s and Children’s, [182]–187.
- Slavery, its extinction hoped for, [9],
- feared, [15];
- discussion of, [11];
- protected by law in Saint Louis, [9];
- speech of Carl Schurz on, [16];
- speech of Giddings on, [27];
- how to preserve, [48];
- Fugitive Slave Law, [51], [52], [181];
- condition of the slaves, [170]–181;
- abolition of, demanded, [277], [345]–348;
- abolition of, by Convention of 1865, [344]–345.
- Slaves, small number of, in Saint Louis, [1], [9];
- Smarius, Father, [4].
- Smith, General A. J., defends Saint Louis, [326]–327;
- Smith, Mr., delegate from Saint Louis to Convention of 1861, [54].
- Snead, Thomas L., aide to Governor Jackson, [199];
- Soldiers’ Home, [300];
- see “Homes.”
- Songs, John Brown’s Body, [245];
- Sons of Liberty, The, [317];
- see “Knights of the Golden Circle.”
- Spies, in Saint Louis, [237], [238].
- Springfield, Illinois, shipment of arms to, [76]–81;
- Springfield, Missouri, occupied by Lyon’s troops, [202];
- State Guards, [229], [233];
- in conflict with Home Guards, [240].
- State Rights Doctrine, absurdity of, shown, [84];
- humored by Lincoln, [218].
- Statesmen, distinguished, before the war, [4].
- Steamboat, first at Saint Louis, [8];
- Stephens, Alexander H., vice-president of Confederacy, [59], [197].
- Stevenson, Colonel, [213].
- Stewart, R. M., Governor of Missouri, [33];
- Stoddard, Major, agent of France and United States, [6].
- Stokes, Captain James H., conveys arms from arsenal, [77]–81.
- Sturgeon, Isaac H., assistant treasurer, calls for troops, [63]–65.
- Sumner, General Edwin V., [124].
- Tate, Samuel, of South Carolina, views of, on importance of Missouri to Confederacy, [118], [119].
- Taylor, Daniel G., mayor of Saint Louis, [71].
- Thanksgiving dinner to unintended diners, [195].
- Thompson, Brigadier-General, of Missouri State Guards, [229];
- issues proclamation, [230].
- Union Chamber of Commerce, formed, [154].
- Unionists, kinds of, [35], [49]–53;
- United States Sanitary Commission, [297].
- Vallandigham, Clement L., supreme commander of secret order, [317], [331].
- Vanbuskirk, Mr., of Holt County, [51].
- Van Dorn, General Earl, defeated at Pea Ridge, [244].
- Vicksburg, supplies received at, [298].
- Volunteer troops, [81], [83];
- Webster, Soldiers’ Orphans’ Home at, [314].
- Welsh, “Father,” Baptist minister, forced to solicit pass, [216].
- Western Sanitary Commission, [254], [288]–308;
- helps refugees, [261];
- authorized to fit up hospitals, [288]–289;
- composition of, [289];
- opens, City General Hospital, [290],
- sustained by generals and Secretary of War, [295];
- donations to, [295]–296, [299], [314];
- visits Cairo and Paducah, [296];
- coöperates with United States Sanitary Commission, [297]–298;
- sends aid to Generals McClellan and Sherman, and to prisoners at Andersonville, [298];
- aids freedmen on the lower Mississippi, [298];
- great demands on, [309];
- holds Fair, [309];
- establishes Orphans’ Home, [314].
- Wide-Awakes, The, a Republican political club, [19], [20];
- Wilson’s Creek, battle of, [160], [212], [213], [288];
- General Lyon killed at, [211].
- Witzig, Julius J., member of Committee of Safety, [92].
- Wood, R. C., Assistant Surgeon General, commands flying hospital, [297].
- Yancey, William L., of Alabama, [59];
- a Calhoun Unionist, [51].
- Yankees, [99];
- denounced, [161]–162.
- Yates, Governor Richard, of Illinois, makes requisition for arms in arsenal, [76];
- summons Stokes to secure the arms, [77].
- Yeatman, James E., President of Western Sanitary Commission, [254], [289], [290];
- Zagonyi, [221];
- heroism of a soldier of, [307]–308.