(e) In this compartment several branches of science may be grouped, since they are all the product of study of things encountered on the earth's surface. They are:
Physics, the Science of the Forces of Nature, dealing with the laws of the inanimate world around us, including the phenomena relating to solid, liquid, and gaseous bodies and substances.
Chemistry, the Science of Matter and Its Changes, dealing with the atoms and their constituents, and with the combinations of atoms into molecules to form the various chemical elements, etc.
Electricity and Magnetism, the Science of Power, fundamentally underlying all other branches, and through its investigation of the nature of the constituents of atoms—the electrons—going deeper into the constitution of things than chemistry itself. In fact this science, in some respects, blends with chemistry, although it is quite separate when it deals with the mechanical developments of electromagnetism.
Medicine, the Science of Health, Physiology, the Science of the Body, Psychology, the Science of Human Behavior, Mechanics, the Science of Machinery, etc., also naturally fall into this category of Things on the Earth.
2—Things Above the Earth—Explained by
(a) Astronomy, the Science of the Heavenly Bodies.
(b) Meteorology, the Science of the Atmosphere, rains, winds, storms, fair and foul weather, the changes of the seasons, and essentially related to the new and fast developing art of aerial navigation.
3—Things Within the Earth—Explained by
(a) Geology, the Science of the Earth's Crust, or shell; which also deals with the various stratifications of the rocks, superposed one above another, and containing in the shape of fossils, and other marks, a wonderful record of the character and development of the living forms that have inhabited the earth during the long ages of the past. Of course some of the phenomena dealt with by geology are manifest on the earth's surface, and others, like volcanoes and earthquakes, hot springs and geysers, are partly subterranean and concealed from sight and partly evident by their effects on the surface.