1858-’59.
THE CORBUSIER WINTER COUNTS.
1853-’54.—No. I. Antelope-Dung broke his neck while surrounding buffalo.
No. II. Antelope-Dung broke his neck while running antelope. His severed head is the only part of his body that is shown.
White-Cow-Killer calls it “Oak-wood-house winter.”
1854-’55.—No. I. Conquering-Bear was killed by white soldiers, and thirty white soldiers were killed by the Dakotas 9 miles below Fort Laramie. The thirty black dots in three lines stand for the soldiers, and the red stains for killed. The head covered with a fatigue-cap further shows they were white soldiers. Indian soldiers are usually represented in a circle or semicircle. The gesture-sign for soldier means all in line, and is made by placing the nearly closed hands with palms forward, and thumbs near together, in front of the body and then separating them laterally about two feet.
No. II. Brave-Bear was killed in a quarrel over a calf. He was killed by enemies; hence his scalp is gone.
White-Cow-Killer says, “Mato-wayuhi (or Conquering-Bear) killed-by-white-soldiers winter.”
1855-’56.—No. I. A war party of Oglálas killed one Pawnee—his scalp is on the pole—and on their way home froze their feet.
No. II. Torn-Belly and his wife were killed by some of their own people in a quarrel.