Fig. 454.—Topographic features.
a, from Copway’s Ojibway Nation, p. 136, represents “mountains.”
b is the Chinese character for “mountain,” from Edkins, p. 14. “A picture of the object. More anciently, two upright cones or triangles connected at their bases.”
c is the representation by the Dakotas of a gap in the mountains, taken from Red-Cloud’s census.
d, from Copway, p. 135, represents “islands.”
e, from the same, p. 134, is a representation of the character for “sea” or “water,” probably a large body of water, e. g., lake, such as the Ojibwa were familiar with.
f is from the same authority, p. 134. It shows the character for “river” or “stream.”
g gives two Chinese characters for “river,” “stream,” from Edkins, p. 14. Three parallel lines drawn downward express “flowing” in all cases.
h is the Chinese character for “flowing water,” from Edkins, p. 23. “In the Chwen wen three strokes descending indicate the appearance of flowing water as seen in a river. The two outside strokes are broken in the middle.”