[312]. According to Bertkau (in a letter to Simon, cited in Hist. Nat. des Ar. i. p. 327), two pairs of linear stigmata under the anterior part of the abdomen lead, to pulmonary sacs, but to tracheae.
[313]. L. Koch replaced Melanophora by Prosthesima, believing the former to be preoccupied, but according to Simon (Hist. Nat. des Ar. i. p. 341) C. Koch’s use of Melanophora for an Arachnid was antecedent (1833) to Meigen’s employment of it for Diptera, 1838.
[314]. Hist. Nat. des Ar. i. p. 416.
[315]. Pickard-Cambridge, Spiders of Dorset, p. 77.
[316]. Hist. Nat. des Ar. i. p. 594.
[317]. Hist. Nat. des Ar. i. p. 692.
[318]. The Erigoninae, Formicinae, and Linyphiinae, together with the Epeiridae, form Simon’s family of Argiopidae.
[319]. I.e. as developed in the course of the work, not as set forth on p. 594 of vol. i., where five sub-families are established (Theridiosomatinae, Arciinae, Eurycorminae, Amazulinae, Poltyinae), which are afterwards merged in the Argiopinae.
[320]. Simon’s treatment of this group in his Hist. Nat. Ar. does not appear to us satisfactory. He revives the name Araneus as a generic term, a proceeding to which there are very valid objections, and merges in it, in whole or in part, about twenty-five generally received genera, including 800 species. He then proceeds to break up the genus Araneus into six entirely artificial “series,” according to the eyes. However unsatisfactory the merged genera may be, nothing seems to be gained by this proceeding. The facts about “Araneus” are these. Clerck and Linnaeus used the name “Araneus” for every member of the order. Latreille, in subdividing the order, retained the name for A. (Epeira) diademata (1804), but later (1827) transferred it to A. (Tegenaria) domestica. Walckenaer, seeing the impropriety of using Araneus as a generic term, discarded it, establishing Epeira, which has since obtained universal recognition.
[321]. Simon, in his Histoire naturelle des araignées, removes the Sparassinae and the Selenopinae to the Clubionidae, considering that, notwithstanding the direction of their legs, they have a greater affinity with that group than with the other Thomisidae.