These and many other statements in the inscriptions, about the teachers and their schools are of no small importance in themselves for the early history of the Jainas. The agreement of the above with the Kalpasûtra can best be shown by placing the statements in question against one another. The inscriptions prove the actual existence of twenty of the subdivisions mentioned in the Sthavirâvali of the Kalpasûtra. Among its eight gaṇas we can certainly trace three, possibly four--the Uddchika, Vâraṇa, Veśavâḍiya(?) and Koḍiya.

Inscriptions:

1. Koṭṭiya (Koḍiya) Gana

Bramadâsika kula
Thâniya kula
P[aṇha] vahu[ṇaya] ku[la]
Majhamâ śâkhâ
Uchchenâgarî śâkhâ
Vairî, Vairiyâ śâkhâ

The Sthavirâvalî of the Kalpasûtra (Sac. Bks. of the East, vol. XXII, p. 292) states that Susṭhita and Supratibuddha founded the--

Koṭiya or Kauṭaka Gaṇa

kulas
1. Bambhalijja
2. Vachchhalijja
3. Vâṇîya or Vâṇîjja
4. Panhavâhanaya

śâkhâs
1. Uchchanâgarî
2. Vijjâharî
3. Vajrî
4. Majjhimáka or Praśnavâhanaka
5. Majjhîma (scholar of the two teachers. founded by Priyagantha the second)

Inscriptions:

2. Vâraṇa Gaṇa

kulas
Petivamika
Âryya Hâṭikiya
Puśyamitrîya
Aryya-Cheṭiya
Kaniyasika
śâkhâs
Vâjanâgarî
Harîtamâlakaḍhî

The Kalpasûtra states that Śrîgupta of the Hâritagotra founded the Châraṇa gaṇa, which was divided into four śâkhâs and into seven kulas:

Châraṇa-gaṇa

kulas
1. Vachchhalijja
2. Pîdhammiya
3. Hâlijja
4. Pûsamittijja
5. Mâlijja
6. Ârya-Cheḍaya
7. Kaṇhasaha
śâkhâs
Saṁ kâśikâ
Vajjanâgarî
Gavedhukâ
Hâriyamâlagârî

Inscriptions: