§§ No subocular shelf.

‖ Ribs mostly sessile, behind the parapophyses; anal spines 3 to 14.

Teeth conical; palate toothed; mouth feebly protractile .......... 4. Centrarchidae.

Teeth incisor-like; fins densely scaled .......... 5. Cyphosidae.

Teeth conical; palate toothless .......... 6. Lobotidae.

Maxillary very slender; mouth very protractile .......... 7. Toxotidae.

No entopterygoid; mouth very protractile .......... 8. Nandidae.

‖‖ Ribs inserted on the transverse processes when these are developed; not more than 3 anal spines.

Mouth not or but feebly protractile; spinous dorsal usually longer than the soft; anal with 1 or 2 spines .......... 9. Percidae.

Mouth moderately protractile; palate toothed; spinous dorsal not longer than the soft; anal with 2 or 3 spines .......... 10. Acropomatidae.