This view was definitely formulated by Metschnikoff in 1881 (Zool. Anz. iv. 1881, pp. 139, 153).
Cf. Morgan, J. Morphol. v. 1891, p. 445; ix. 1894, pp. 64-66.
Cf. Lang, Jena. Zeitschr. xxv. 1891, p. 1.
J. Morphol. ix. p. 72.
Mém. Mus. Paris, ii. 1815.