Ibid. (7), xi. 1903, p. 460.
In the very aberrant Hake (Merluccius) ribs are absent on the vertebrae bearing the strongly expanded, plate-like parapophyses.
The increased number of pectoral pterygials has been regarded by Sagemehl (Morphol. Jahrb. x. 1885, p. 17) as indicating generalisation, and has been a great stumbling-block in his discussion of the affinities of Gymnotus with the other Ostariophysi, and especially the Characinidae. The fact that the same feature is repeated in three such distinct families as the Gymnotidae, Anguillidae, and Muraenolepididae, and occurs in genera which are in all other respects more specialised than their neighbours, goes far to prove that Sagemehl was mistaken in his interpretation of this character.
Siboga Expedition, Introd. 1902, p. 108.
Poissons venimeux (Paris, 1889), p. 169.