During more than three centuries the record was held by the British. It was then captured by America in 1882. In 1895 it passed into the hands of the Norwegians, who held it until won by the Italians in 1900. America regained it in 1906, and now must keep it finally.
The chief records are as follows:—
| British | {Parry | 82° 45′ | on | 25th | July | 1827. |
| {Markham | 83° 20′ | ” | 12th | May | 1876. | |
| American | Lockwood | 83° 24′ | ” | 13th | ” | 1882. |
| Norwegian | Nansen | 86° 13′ | ” | 7th | April | 1895. |
| Italian | Cagni | 86° 34′ | ” | 24th | ” | 1900. |
| American | Peary | 87° 6′ | ” | 21st | ” | 1906. |
| American | {Cook | 90° 0′ | ” | 21st | ” | 1908. |
| {Peary | 90° 0′ | ” | 6th | ” | 1909. |
| [3] | Dr. Cook seems to have made a mistake here. His route was evidently west of Norwegian Bay. |
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