Penal Methods of the Middle Ages: Criminals, Witches, Lunatics

by George Burnham Ives

C. Nicaeni, c. 12, A.D. 325.

C. Chalcedonense, c. 16, A.D. 451.

C. Ilerdense, c. 5, A.D. 524.

[366]. For England, see Thorpe, i. p. 278; Johnson, Laws and Canons, ii. pp. 10, 11, note D.

[367]. Johnson, p. 446.

[368]. Marshall, Penitential Discipline, pp. 109, 110.

[369]. The king’s familiar friends and associates were to be received into the communion of the Church and were not to be cast out, decreed a Council of Toledo.—C. Toletanum, xii. c. 3, A.D. 681; Labbé, tom. xi. p. 1030; Marshall, Penitential Discipline, p. 126.

[370]. C. Clovenhonense, cc. 26, 27, A.D. 747.

[371]. Maitland, Domesday Book, p. 281.

[372]. St. Ambrose, De Elia et Jejunio, c. xx.; Migne, Patrologiae, tom. xiv. p. 724.