French alloy for coinage, 4s. 2d. per oz.
| oz. | dwts. | grs. | |
| Fine silver | 0 | 18 | 0 |
| Copper | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 |
French alloy for plate, 4s. 5d. per oz.
| oz. | dwts. | grs. | |
| Fine silver | 0 | 19 | 0 |
| Copper | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 |
French alloy, lowest standard, 3s. 9d. per oz.
| oz. | dwts. | grs. | |
| Fine silver | 0 | 16 | 0 |
| Copper | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 |
In the preparation of these alloys with French silver it is undesirable to make any addition of fine silver, in order to enable goods manufactured from them to pass the Hall in safety, because the former is assayed before it leaves the bullion dealers, and the bars of metal are marked with their various standards. Such is not the case in England, and refiners' fine metal is sometimes two or three grams under what it is supposed to be; hence the necessity for the further addition of some fine metal as we have already pointed out, when the object in view is to have goods Hall-marked; without which addition it cannot be effected.
In Germany there are four silver standards—one for the coinage, and three to be employed in the manufacture of silversmiths' wares; and in that country the various standards are severally applied in the production of fine filigree and other artistic work. The fineness of the standards is as follows:—
Fine silver per lb. troy.
| Silver ware, | 11 oz. | 8 dwts. | = 950 millims. |
| Coinage, | 10 oz. | 16 dwts. | = 900 millims. |
| Silver ware, | 9 oz. | 12 dwts. | = 800 millims. |
| Silver ware, | 9 oz. | 0 dwts. | = 750 millims. |