Gendarme, or rock tower.—A mass of rock on the crest of an arête.
Moraine.—The accumulation of detritus which has fallen from the mountains on to the ice and is carried down upon it.
Névé, or firn.—Snow in a transition stage between snow and ice. The large fields of this feeding a glacier are spoken of as the névés of the glacier.
Séracs.—Blocks of ice broken into polyhedral masses (mostly cubic) by the body of the ice being crevassed in various lines of fracture. So called from the resemblance the blocks bear to a certain kind of cheese.
Shale slips and shingle and boulder fans are of very common occurrence in the New Zealand mountains and are caused by the discharge of detritus down couloirs, from which when emerging it spreads out into fan-shaped slopes.
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