[523] Dionysius, II, 30; Plutarch, Lives, I, 133, 134 (Lycurgus); Herodotus, Book VI, 65; Rawlinson, III, 377; Müller, Doric Races, II, 278; Smith, Dict. of Ant., II, 130-38; Dargun, op. cit., 99, 100; McLennan, op. cit., I, 44 ff., 12 ff.; Lubbock, op. cit., 81.
[524] "Feriis autem vim cuiquam fleri piaculare est, ideo tunc vitantur nuptiae, in quibus vis fieri virginibus videtur."—Macrobius, Sat., 1, 15; cf. Dargun, op. cit., 100.
[525] The domum deductio was the second act in the patrician marriage ceremony of confarreatio, and in this case it appears to have been a necessary form. But it was probably also observed, as a nuptial custom, in connection with plebeian free marriages as well as in the coemptio: Rossbach, Die römische Ehe, 92 ff., 116, 145, 155, 328 ff.; idem, Hochzeits- und Ehedenkmäler, 39-118. Cf. Marquardt, Privat-Leben, I, 38; Smith, Dict. of Ant., II, 142; Fustel de Coulanges, Ancient City, 55 ff.; Dargun, op. cit., 100 ff.
[526] "Rapi simulatur virgo exgremio matris aut si ea non est, ex proxima necessitudine, cum ad virum trahitur, quod videlicet ea res feliciter Romulo cessit."—Festus, De verb. sig., s. v. Rapi.
[527] Catullus, Carmina, LXII, 20-24; Martin's translation, 89. See also Catullus, LVI and LXI, for other allusions to Roman wedding customs; and compare Ovid, Metamorphoses, IV, 75-78; Virgil, Eclogues, VIII, 30, and Servius, Commentaria, ad hoc loc. In general, Rossbach, op. cit., 328 ff., 359; Marquardt, op. cit., I, 37-55; Friedländer, Sittengeschichte, I, 463-66; Bouché-Leclercq, Institutions romaines, 468 ff.; Becker, Gallus, 160, 161, 153-81; Plutarch, Lives, I, 69-73 (Romulus); Smith, op. cit., II, 138 ff., 142 ff.; Letourneau, op. cit., 124, 125; Westermarck, op. cit., 386; Dargun, op. cit., 100 ff.; McLennan, op. cit., I, 13.
[528] Dargun, op. cit., 101; Fustel de Coulanges, op. cit., 56; Rossbach, op. cit., 359.
[529] Dargun, op. cit., 88; Schroeder, Hochzeitsbräuche, 88 ff.; Lubbock, Origin of Civilization, 85, 86, 122, 123; Post, Geschlechtsgenossenschaft, 60; McLennan, op. cit., I, 19. Bancroft gives an interesting description of the custom among the California Indians: "On the appointed day the girl, decked in all her finery, and accompanied by her family and relations, was carried in the arms of one of her kinsfolk toward the house of her lover.... The party was met half-way by a deputation from the bridegroom, one of whom now took the young woman in his arms and carried her to the house of her husband."—Native Races, I, 411.
[530] Lubbock, op. cit., 86; Davis, The Chinese, I, 285; Letourneau, op. cit., 144, 145; Post, op. cit., 57.
Dargun, op. cit., 88, 91, says, besides the custom just mentioned, there is but one other survival of wife-capture among the Chinese—the forbidding of friendly intercourse between the newly wedded husband and the mother-in-law. Jameson, China Review, X, 95, thinks that in China there is no trace of capture; but Kohler, in ZVR., VI, 405, 406, gives an example of the alleged symbol of rape among the Chinese. Cf. Neumann, Asiatische Studien, I, 112; and Westermarck, Human Marriage, 387.
Araki, Japanisches Eheschliessungsrecht, 9, 10, denies the former existence in Japan of purchase or capture of wives.