[5] See [Chapter 38] for organization of members of the plant body.
[6] Demonstrations may be made with prepared sections of leaves,
[7] This ring and the bundles separate the stem into two regions, an outer one composed of large cells with thin walls, known as the cortical cells, or collectively the cortex. The inner portion, corresponding to what is called the pith, is made up of the same kind of cells and is called the medulla, or pith. When the cells of the cortex, as well as of the pith, remain thin walled the tissue is called parenchyma. Parenchyma belongs to the group of tissues called fundamental.
[8] In the formation of starch during photosynthesis the separated molecules from the carbon dioxide and water unite in such a way that carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are united into a molecule of starch. This result is usually represented by the following equation: CO₂ + H₂O = CH₂O + O₂. Then by polymerization 6(CH₂O) = C₆H₁₂O₆ = grape sugar. Then C₆H₁₂O₆-H₂O = C₆H₁₀O₅ = starch. It is believed, however, that the process is much more complicated than this, that several different compounds are formed before starch finally appears, and that the formula for starch is much higher numerically than is represented by C₆H₁₀O₅.
[9] Paragraphs 156-160 were prepared by Dr. E. J. Durand.
[10] Make up three stock solutions as follows:
| (1) | ||
| Copper sulphate | 9 | grams |
| Water | 250 | cc. |
| (2) | ||
| Caustic potash | 30 | grams |
| Water | 250 | cc. |
| (3) | ||
| Rochelle salts | 49 | grams |
| Water | 250 | cc. |
For Fehling’s solution take one volume of each of (1), (2), and (3), and to the mixture add two volumes of water.
[11] This solution of taka diastase should be made up cold. If it is heated to 60° C. or over it is destroyed.
[12] Calcium is not essential for the growth of the fungi.