[50] See the author’s “College Text-book of Botany.” Chapter XLIX.
[51] ἔδαφος = ground.
[52] For a full discussion of forest societies see Chapter L in the author’s “College Text-book of Botany.”
[53] See Chapter LIV of the author’s “College Text-book of Botany.”
Transcriber’s Notes:
The cover image was created by the transcriber, and is in the public domain.
The illustrations have been moved so that they do not break up paragraphs and so that they are next to the text they illustrate.
Typographical errors have been silently corrected.