Dose.—Horses and cattle, 1⁄2 to 1 oz.; sheep and pigs, 1⁄2 to 1 dr.; dogs, 5 to 20 gr.
POTASSII CITRAS—POTASSIUM CITRATE
Derivation.—Neutralize potassium carbonate with a solution of citric acid and evaporate to dryness.
Properties.—White, granular, deliquescent powder, saline taste, neutral reaction. Soluble in water.
Dose.—Same as potassium acetate.
Actions.—Potassium acetate and citrate are the least irritant to the stomach of all the potassium salts. They are neutral and have no action on the gastric juice: are not antacid. They are changed into the carbonate of potassium and as such circulate in the blood. Are powerful direct diuretics, stimulate the renal cells direct and increase both the water and the solids of the urine, also diaphoretic; the citrate more than the acetate. They have a slight depressing action on the heart, and slightly expectorant.
Uses.—Potassium acetate and citrate are indicated in irritation or inflammation of the kidneys and bladder and cause absorption of exudations (pleural effusion, for example) through their diuretic power. They are sometimes prescribed in fever on account of slight diaphoretic and powerful diuretic properties. They also stimulate bronchial secretions and make it thinner and are recommended accordingly in bronchitis. They are used in gouty conditions, Bright’s disease, fevers of all kinds, azoturia, dropsical conditions, pleurisy, ascites oedema of the legs, sheath, udder, etc., combined with tonics, as iron, etc.
POTASSII BROMIDUM—POTASSIUM BROMIDE
Derivation.—Potassium bromide may be obtained by adding a slight excess of bromide to a strong solution of potassium hydroxide, evaporating the potassium bromide and bromate to dryness, decomposing the bromate by fusing the mixture with charcoal and purifying the crystallization.
Properties.—Colorless, or white, cubical crystals, or granules; odorless and having a strong saline taste. Permanent in the air. Soluble in about fifteen parts of water and in about one hundred and eighty parts of alcohol.