[171]. Von Hessling, “Die Perlenmuscheln,” Leipzig, 1859, p. 6.

[172]. See p. 288 for an account of the methods.

[173]. Statist. “Beschreibung des chines. Reiches,” 1842, Vol. II, p. 11.

[174]. Ranft, “Vollständige Beschreibung des russischen Reiches,” Leipzig, 1767, p. 415.

[175]. Witsen, “Nord en Oost Tartarye,” 1705. p. 762.

[176]. Tavernier, “Travels in India,” Ball edition, London, 1889, Vol. II, pp. 113, 114.

[177]. One candareen equals 5.72 grains.

[178]. One koban equals 66 cents.

[179]. $4200.

[180]. Kaempfer, “History of Japan,” 1728, Vol. I, pp. 110, 111.