There is sorcery among the Jews and their sorcerers think: “If we succeed, it is well for us; if we fail, a Christian is the sufferer; what care we for that?” ... But Duke Albert of Saxony acted shrewdly. When a Jew offered him a button, inscribed with curious characters and signs, and asserted that this button gave protection from cuts, thrusts, and shots, the Duke answered: “I will test that upon thyself, O Jew.” Hereupon he led the man to the gate, hung the button at his neck, drew his own sword, and thrust the fellow through the body. “The same fate would have happened to me,” said the Duke, “as has happened to thee.”[34]

Ruskin, with his keen poetic insight into the working of natural laws, saw in the formation of crystals the action of both “force of heart” and “steadiness of purpose.” He thus found himself, consciously or unconsciously, in agreement with the old fancies which attributed a species of personality to precious stones. Just as the Hindu regarded an imperfectly shaped crystal as a bringer of ill luck to the owner, so Ruskin sees in such a crystal the signs of an innate “immorality,” if we may use this expression. Of a crystal aggregation of this type he writes as follows:[35]

Opaque, rough-surfaced, jagged on the edge, distorted in the spine, it exhibits a quite human image of decrepitude and dishonour; but the worst of all signs of its decay and helplessness is, that halfway up, a parasite crystal, smaller, but just as sickly, has rooted itself in the side of the larger one, eating out a cavity round its root, and then growing backwards, or downwards, contrary to the direction of the main crystal. Yet I cannot trace the least difference in purity of substance between the first most noble stone, and this ignoble and dissolute one. The impurity of the last is in its will or want of will.

There is established a very pretty custom of assigning to the various masculine and feminine Christian names a particular gem, and such name-gems are often set together with natal and talismanic gems and with gems of one’s patron saint. It is considered an exceedingly good omen when it happens that all three gems are of the same sort.

GEMS FOR FEMININE NAMES.

AdelaideAndalusite
AgnesAgate
AliceAlexandrite
AnneAmber
BeatriceBasalt
BelleBloodstone
BerthaBeryl
CarolineChalcedony
CatherineCat’s-eye
CharlotteCarbuncle
ClaraCarnelian
ConstanceCrystal
DorcasDiamond
DorothyDiaspore
EdithEye-agate
EleanorElæolite
ElizabethEmerald
EllenEssonite
EmilyEuclase
EmmaEpidote
FlorenceFluorite
FrancesFire-opal
GertrudeGarnet
GladysGolden Beryl
GraceGrossularite
HannahHeliotrope
HelenHyacinth
IreneIolite
JaneJacinth
JessieJasper
JosephineJadeite
JuliaJade
LouiseLapis-lazuli
LucyLepidolite
MargaretMoss-agate
MarthaMalachite
MarieMoldavite
MaryMoonstone
OliveOlivine
PaulinePearl
RoseRuby
SarahSpodumene
SusanSapphire
ThereseTurquoise

GEMS FOR MASCULINE NAMES.

AbrahamAragonite
AdolphusAlbite
AdrianAndalusite
AlbertAgate
AlexanderAlexandrite
AlfredAlmandine
AmbroseAmber
AndrewAventurine
ArchibaldAxinite
ArnoldAquamarine
ArthurAmethyst
AugustusAgalmatolite
BenjaminBloodstone
BernardBeryl
CharlesChalcedony
ChristianCrystal
ClaudeCyanite
ClementChrysolite
ConradCrocidolite
ConstantineChrysoberyl
CorneliusCat’s-eye
DennisDemantoid
DorianDiamond
EdmundEmerald
EdwardEpidote
ErnestEuclase
EugeneEssonite
FerdinandFeldspar
FrancisFire-opal
FrederickFluorite
GeorgeGarnet
GilbertGadolinite
GodfreyGagates
GregoryGrossularite
GustavusGalactides
GuyGold quartz
HenryHeliolite
HerbertHyacinth
HoraceHarlequin opal
HubertHeliotrope
HughHeliodor
HumphreyHypersthene
JamesJade
JasperJasper
JeromeJadeite
JohnJacinth
JosephJargoon
JuliusJet
LambertLabradorite
LawrenceLapis-lazuli
LeoLepidolite
LeonardLoadstone
MarkMalachite
MatthewMoonstone
MauriceMoss-agate
MichaelMicrocline
NathanNatrolite
NicholasNephrite
OliverOnyx
OsborneOrthoclase
OsmondOpal
OswaldObsidian
PatrickPyrope
PaulPearl
PeterPorphyry
PhilipPrase
RalphRubellite
RaymondRose-quartz
RichardRutile
RobertRock-crystal
RogerRhodonite
RolandRuby
StephenSapphire
TheodoreTourmaline
ThomasTopaz
ValentineVesuvianite
VincentVerd-antique
WalterWood-opal
WilliamWillemite

III
On the Talismanic Use of Special Stones[36]