[25] On effects of Crusades, see Milman, "Latin Christianity," VII., 6; Hallam, "Middle Ages," Ch. III., Pt. I.; Bryce, "Holy Roman Empire," Chs. XI., XIII.

[26] Hall, § 268, p. 740.

[27] Laws of Wisby contain early reference to marine insurance, § 66.

[28] Expanded in 1614.

[29] De Valroger, "Droit Maritime," I., § 1.

[30] The Marine Ordinance of Louis XIV, 1681, became the basis of sea law.

[31] With the decline of the influence of the "Holy Roman Empire," the use of Latin in diplomacy became less general.

[32] Abbé Saint-Pierre, in three volumes, 1729, "Abrégé du Projet de Paix perpétuelle," outlines a plan for peace by fixed system of balance of power.

[33] "Institutes," II., 1, 21, 22.

[34] Declaration of Russia, Feb. 28, 1780.