Books and their makers during the Middle Ages - George Haven Putnam

Part III.—From Pope to the Present Day. (In preparation.)

We may say, without contradiction, that the marvellous story of our literature in its vital connection with the origin and growth of the English people has never been treated with a greater union of conscientious research, minute scholarship, pleasantness of humor, picturesqueness of style, and sympathetic intimacy.—London Chronicle.

The most important and delightful contribution to the popular study of English literature since Taine’s volumes were published, is to be made by M. J. J. Jusserand in his “Literary History of the English People.” ... Only the most meagre sketch of the pleasure in store for the readers of M. Jusserand’s volume can be given here. No one interested in the beginnings of English literature can fail to be pleased with this delightful study. A thoroughly stimulating book ... which will arouse fresh interest in the early periods of our literature.—Literary World.

M. Jusserand is an investigator of keen insight and indefatigable energy. He has also the quality which gives to him, from his Latin parentage, synthesis and literary tact.... He paints a picture.... It is unquestionably true that for this generation, M. Jusserand has said the last word on this subject.... For the period of Chaucer, he has summarized what is known with admirable skill.... His work must be accepted as the authority on the Middle Ages as they were lived in England.—N. Y. Commercial Advertiser.

The book bears witness on every page to having been written by one whose mind was overflowing with information, and whose heart was in abounding sympathy with his work. Mr. Jusserand possesses pre-eminently the modern spirit of inquiry, which has for its object the attainment of truth and a comprehension of the beginnings of things and of the causes that have brought about effects.—N. Y. Times.

After so many excellent works, of which English literature is the subject, have been issued in England and on the Continent, after even the epic work of Taine, yet M. Jusserand still contrives to be original, fresh, and creative. The history of English literature has been written before, but what he gives us is something new; it is the literary history of the English people, that is to say, he makes us follow the historical evolution of the nation in literature, and what that evolution has created and revealed. He has employed a method which could not be used with success, except by a man with a thorough and correct knowledge of literature and the history of the English people, and of the people themselves, and one who is worthy of serious consideration by all literary historians.—La Revue de Paris, July 1, 1894, on the French Edition.

G. P. PUTNAM’S SONS

New York: 27 West 23d St.

London: 24 Bedford St., Strand

INDEX

A
Abbon, Saint, i, [56]
Abelard, the philosophy of, i, [198]; the lectures of, i, [198]; the influence of, upon the theological school of Paris, i, [198]; considered as the actual founder of the University of Paris, i, [197], [198]
Academies, literary, of Italy, i, [322] ff., [344]
Academy, of Venice, the, literary undertakings of, i, [423] ff.
—— of France, founding of the, ii, 458
Adagia, the, of Erasmus, the first edition of, ii, 194; the Aldine edition of, ii, 199
Adamnanus, life of S. Columba, cited, i, [50]
Adolph of Nassau, captures Mayence, i, [371]
Adrian VI, ii, 29
Aedh, King, presides over the parliament of Drumceitt, i, [49]
Aelfric, Homilies of, i, [101]; the canons of, i, [101]
Agapetus, Pope, i, [22]
Agnien, libraire in Paris in the 13th century, i, [271]
Agricola, librarian of Heidelberg in 1485, orders books for the library, i, [297]
Aimoin of Fleury, i, [56]
Albert, Abbot of Gembloux, makes collection of manuscripts, i, [231]
—— of Brandenburg, ii, 229
Alcuin, training of, by Egbert, i, [107]; the library of, at York, i, [62]; correspondence of, with Charlemagne, i, [62], [109]; the methods in his scriptorium, i, [66]; institutes the imperial schools in Aachen, Tours, and Milan, i, [109]; poem of, on the library of York Cathedral, i, [108]; his imperial pupils, i, [109]; treatise of, on orthography, i, [111]; his injunction to pious scribes, i, [113]; list of the writings of, i, [114]; death of, at Tours, i, [115]; describes the journeys of Aelbert, i, [228]; the educational work of, ii, 479 ff.
Aldersbach, monastery of, i, [40].
Aldhelm, Bishop of Sherborn, visits Berthwold in Canterbury, i, [97]; imports books from France, i, [97].
Aldi Filii, the name adopted by the son and grandson of the founder of the firm, i, [438]
Aldine classics, the, models for the Elzevirs, ii, 301
—— Press, close of the work of, i, [438]; operations of the, in Rome, i, [441] ff.
Aldus Manutius, work of, in the printing of Greek texts, i, [243]; relations of, to the book trade of Italy and of Europe, i, [415]; earlier life of, i, [417] ff.; letter of, stating his aims, i, [418]; first publications of, i, [420]; literary undertakings of, i, [419]; marriage of, i, [420]; Greek classics issued by, i, [420]; institutes the Academy of Venice, i, [423]; correspondence of, with France and with Germany, i, [424] ff.; reputation of, in Germany, i, [430]; letter of, to Taberio, i, [430]; summary of publications of, i, [432]; financial difficulties of, competition of, with piratical reprinters, i, [432]; secures papal privileges, i, [432]; initiates new forms of type, i, [434]; attempts to defend his office against literary loafers, i, [437]; death of, i, [438]; summary of the career of, i, [439]; ii, 12, 22, 23, 102, 151, 194; privilege given to, for Greek text, ii, 346; privilege given to, for italic text, ii, 347; publishes the Letters of Phalaris, ii, 351; ii, 487
Aldus Manutius the second, i, [438]; business experience of, i, [441]; gives up business as a printer, i, [445]
Aleander, Hieronymus, Greek scholar and theologian, i, [422], ii, 12 ff.
Alexander, Bishop of Jerusalem, the library of, i, [147]
Alfano, the poem of, on monastery life, i, [127]
Alfonso, King of Aragon and Sicily, offers rewards for literary productions, i, [330]
Alfred, King, attends school in Oxford, i, [119]; service of, to the literary interests of England, i, [98]; makes English version of Gregory’s Pastoral Care, i, [99]; complains of the ignorance of Englishmen, i, [99]; prepares English translations of certain famous books, orders transcripts of the national chronicles, i, [100]
Al-hakem, Kahlif, library of, in Cordova, i, [254]; pays large sums for the writing of books, i, [254]
Alphonso, King of Naples, the literary circle of, i, [252]
Amalasuentha, Queen of the Goths, i, [20]
Amandus, Abbot of Salem, i, [85]
Ambrose, Saint, Legenda Aurea of, cited, i, [37]
Amerbach, Basilius, ii, 238
—— Boniface, ii, 173
—— Johann, editor, printer and publisher of Basel, i, [393], ii, 151; purchases paper stock with an edition of S. Augustine, i, [348]; relations of, with Koberger, i, [393]; relations of, with Froben, i, [393]
Andreä, Hieronymus, ii, 410
Andreas, Abbot of Bergen, i, [86]
Andrews, Bishop, ii, 97, 99
Angus the Culdee, the Festilogium of, i, [46]
Anjou, the Countess of, pays, in 1460, a great price for a copy of Homilies, i, [299]
Anna Gray, the monastery of, founded, i, [47]
Annales Ecclesiastici, ii, 97
Anne, Queen, the Act of, ii, 472
Anselm, Saint, the Peripatetic, cited, i, [39], [197]; recommends to his pupils the study of an expurgated Virgil, i, [62]
Anshelm, Thomas, publisher of Tübingen, ii, 165, 172, 231
Antidotarium, the, i, [196]
Antwerp as a publishing centre, ii, 255 ff.; losses of, through the revolt of the Netherlands, ii, 274
Apologia pro Herodoto, ii, 72 ff.
Aquinas, Thomas, the de Censuris of, ii, 386
Arabian writers, bring to Europe the literature of Greece, i, [181]; medical works of, used as text-books, i, [195]
Areopagitica of Milton, the, ii, 474 ff.
Arethas, the scribes of, i, [42]
Aretinus, Johannes, librarius, i, [234], [246]
Ariosto, the Orlando of, ii, 370
Arminius, the doctrines of, ii, 291
Arnest, Archbishop of Prague, i, [44]
Arnold, Abbot of Villers, i, [75]
Arts and Industries, bureau of, in Venice, ii, 361
Arundel, Archbishop, ii, 130
—— Earl of, ii, 118, 123
Ascensius, see [Badius].
Ascham, Roger, ii, 145
Asser, Bishop, organizes education in the kingdom of Alfred, i, [99]
Athalaric, King of the Goths, i, [20]
Atkyns, Richard, on the introduction of printing into England, ii, 134
Atticus, relations of, to the book-trade of Italy, i, [416]
Auctores Frobeniani, ii, 185
Augsburg, the early printers of, i, [396]
Augustine, Saint, writings of, i, [3]; literary work of, i, [32], [33]; on the value of ignorance, i, [121]; the library of, i, [147]
Augustinians, the regulations of, for the care of books, i, [148]
Aungerville, Richard (de Bury), i, [308] ff.
Aura, Saint, and scholar, i, [51]
Aurelian, Saint, the Rule of, i, [123]
Aurispa, Johannes, dealer in manuscripts, i, [242]; brings to Florence his collection of manuscripts, i, [251]; correspondence of, with Filelfo, i, [251]; publishing undertakings of, i, [251]; fate of the manuscripts of, i, [253]
Austria, censorship in, ii, 249
Author, rights of, in literary production, under the laws of Venice, ii. 399 ff.
Authors, payments to, by Plantin, ii, 276 ff.; acting as their own publishers in Germany, ii, 435; in France, ii, 435
Averrhoes, i, [181]; the philosophy of, i, [196]
Avicenna, i, [181]; the medical treatises of, i, [196]
Avitus, the Emperor, i, [8]
Azo, i, [183]
B
Bacon, Roger, seeks scribes for the manifolding of his treatises, i, [84]; makes complaint concerning the ignorance of the scribes of Paris, i, [218]
Badius, Jodocus, (Ascensius), ii, 10, 12, 23, 31; commends the work of Koberger, ii, 155
Balzac, Jean L. G., Sieur de, ii, 310, 333 ff.
Barbaro, Daniele, ii, 345
—— Hermolao, ii, 345
Barcelona, early manuscript-dealers in, i, [313]
Bards, orders of, i, [48]
—— Celtic, arraigned before the Parliament of Drumceitt, i, [48]; existence of, preserved by Columba, i, [48],
Barnet, battle of, ii, 128
Baronius, ii, 97
Barrois, ii, 105
Barstch, Im. anz. d. Germ. Mus. cited, i, [40] ff.
Basel, the Council of, i, [85]; as a publishing centre, i, [391]; ii, 204; the University of, i, [391]; ii, 178; the relations of the magistracy of, to the printing business, i, [392]; world-wide reputation of the printers of, i, [395]; University of, in its relations with the printers, i, [395]; regulations of the magistracy of, concerning literary piracies, ii, 412
Bassa, Domenico, secures an exceptional copyright or monopoly, ii, 379 ff.
Baudius, ii, 289
Baudoke, Ralph de, Dean of S. Paul’s, i, [105]
Bautzen, school regulations of, i, [283]
Bayle, the Dictionary of, ii, 444
Beaupré, the manuscripts of, i, [131]
Beauvais, Jean de, librarius of Paris in the 14th century, record of his sales, i, [273]
Beccadelli, the Hermaphroditus of, i, [331]
Beda, Noel, describes the purchase of books in Rome, i, [227]; ii, 262, 444 ff.
Bede, the venerable, Chronicles of, i, [56]; a pupil of Biscop, writes in Jarrow the Chronicles, i, [95]
Bedier, Chancellor, ii, 210
Behem, Franz, printer of Mayence, i, [381]
—— Martin, ii, 175
Belisarius, captures Ravenna, i, [20]
Benaliis, Bernardino de, ii, 348
Benedict, Saint, i, [9], [10]; the Order of, instituted, i, [12]; the Rule of, i, [12], [28]; the literary interests of, i, [13]; his scriptorium, i, [12]; relations with Cassiodorus, i, [12]; life of, written by Pope Gregory I., i, [28]
Benedictine monasteries in their relations to literature, ii, 480 ff.
Benedictines, the records by Mabillon and Ziegelbauer of the literary work of, i, [122]
Beowulf, an early text of, i, [92]
Berlin, the earlier book-trade of, ii, 424 ff.; the book-dealers of, ii, 425
Bernard, Saint, pious fraud upon, i, [76]
Berne, the convention of, ii, 339, 506
Berneggerus, Matthew, ii, 309
Berners, Juliana, ii, 138
Berquin, bookseller of Paris, ii, 443
Berri, Duke of, ii, 116
Berthold, Elector of Mayence, ii, 420
Berthold von Henneberg on the Divine Art of Printing, i, [368]
Berthwold, Archbishop of Canterbury, i, [96]
Bertile, the nun, gives lectures at Chelles, i, [51]
Bessarion, Cardinal, literary activities of, i, [330], [365]
Beza, ii, 54
Bible, terms used for, in middle ages, i, [44]; books of, circulated separately, i, [44]; great cost of certain manuscript copies of, in the national library at Paris, i, [299]; first work printed by Gutenberg, i, [373]; the first edition of, sold in Paris, i, [374]; editions of, in various languages, printed in Zurich, i, [396]; printing of the first edition in Hebrew, i, [459]; version of, by Coverdale, ii, 141; version of, by Hollybush, ii, 142; German versions of, published by Koberger, ii, 158; the Lutheran version of, i, [223] ff.; the version of, known as Matthews’s, ii, 141; Tyndale’s version of, ii, 140; Wyclif’s translation of, ii, 130; first printed in England, ii, 140
Bible Polyglotte, printed by Plantin, ii, 260 ff.
Bibles, the printing of, in England, ii, 128 ff.
Biblia Pauperum, i, [350] ff.
Bibliotheca, used to denote the Scriptures, i, [44]
Bidelli or Bedelli, derivation of the term, i, [187]; functions of, i, [187]
Biot, J. B., characterises the philosophical work of the universities, i, [222]
Birckmann, Franz, publisher of Cologne and of London, i, [388]; difficulties of, with the censors of Antwerp, i, [390]
Biscop, Benedict, founds monasteries of Wearmouth and Jarrow, i, [95]; makes journeys to Rome, collects books and pictures, i, [95]; far-reaching influence of his educational work, i, [107]; purchases books in Rome, i, [227]
Blades, William, ii, 102 ff.
Blaubeuern, the monastery of, manuscript work in, i, [86]; printing-presses established in, i, [86]
Blickling Homilies, the, i, [101]
Block-books, i, [350] ff.; block-printing, i, [350]
Blois, library of the Château of, ii, 446
Bobbio, the monastery of, founded, i, [47]
Boccaccio, translates the Iliad and the Odyssey into Latin, i, [323], [324]; influence of, upon the study of Greek, i, [325]; the Decameron of, i, [325]; script of, used as a model for italic type, ii, 347
Bohic, Heinrich, manuscript of, i, [40]; the commentary of, i, [230]
Boleyn, Anne, ii, 140
Bologna, the academies of, i, [345]; the earlier scribes in, i, [245]; statutes of the city of, i, [192]; University of, i, [181], [183] ff.
Bolomyer, Henry, ii, 119
Bomberg, printer of Venice, ii, 371
Bonaccorsi, paper maker and publisher, i, [238]
Bonhomme, Jean, bookseller to the University, 1486-1490, i, [276]
Boniface, Saint, i, [53]
Bonus, Abbot of St. Michael in Pisa, i, [138]
Book of Kells, manuscript, ascribed to Columba, i, [47]
Books, the making of, in the monasteries, i, [16] ff.; the making of, in the early universities, i, [178] ff.; the prices of, during the Middle Ages, i, [135], [297] ff.; the rental of, in the Italian Universities, i, [189], [191]; secured by chains, i, [141]; pledged with the pawnbrokers of Oxford, i, [310]; prices of those first printed, i, [375] ff.
Books in manuscript, sold by pedlars, i, [261]; sales of, in Paris in the 14th century under formal contracts, i, [272]; sold at the English fairs, i, [306]; prices of, in Venice, in the 15th century, i, [413-415]; importation of, to England, ii, 133; printed in Germany during the Reformation period, ii, 240; prices of, in Antwerp, in 1576, ii, 279; transportation of, between Holland and Italy, ii, 301
Book-dealers of Paris exempted from taxes, i, [203]; terms describing the, i, [205]; regulations for the examination of, i, [206]; classed as members of a profession, i, [213] ff.; locality occupied by, i, [217]
Book-manufacturing, cost of, with the earlier Venetian publishers, i, [413]
Book-production in Europe, stages in the history of, i, [10], [11], [12]
Bookseller of Venice, the daybook of a, i, [414]
Booksellers, location in Paris of early, i, [262]; in Venice, matriculation requirements for, ii, 309
Bookselling in the monasteries, i, [134]
Book-trade, the, in Italy during the manuscript period, i, [225]; survival of, after the fall of the Western Empire, i, [225]; of Paris, under the control of the University authorities, i, [199] ff.; earlier regulations regarding the, i, [201] ff.; of the University of Paris, regulations of, for the sale of books, i, [208] ff.; membership of the, in the 14th and 15th centuries, i, [210] ff.; of Paris in the 13th century, i, [257] ff.; of Germany, relations of, to the Reformation, ii, 218; in the early universities, i, [178] ff.; between Venice and England, i, [242]
Bosco, instructor in Paris, i, [221]
Bossuet, relations of, to ecclesiastical censorship, ii, 462 ff.
Bosworth Field, the battle of, ii, 123, 129
Bourchier, Thomas, ii, 135
Boville, Charles, ii, 19
Braccio, ii, 351
Bracciolino, Poggio, i, [333] ff.
Bracton, Henry of, i, [308]
Brandenburg, censorship in, ii, 244; privileges in, ii, 424
Brandis, publisher of Leipzig, i, [400]
Brazizza, orator and author, i, [355]
Breda, the peace of, ii, 317
Brehons, an order of Celtic bards, i, [48]
Bremen, and the writings of Luther, ii, 246
Brœders van de Penne, i, [89]
Brice, Hugh, ii, 116, 123
Brome, Prior of Gorlestone, initiates the making of indexes, i, [141]
Brothers of Common Life, the, i, [88] ff.; manuscripts produced by, i, [88], [89]; printing-offices established by, i, [90]; the work of, in the production and distribution of manuscripts, i, [282]; early interest of, in printing, i, [282]; the manuscript trade of the, i, [291] ff.; distribute cheap books among the people, i, [368]; the first printing done by the, i, [369]; the printing and publishing undertakings of the, i, [399], ii, 109
Brown, Horatio F., ii, 344
Bruges, ii, 102 ff.
—— Louis de, i, [105] ff.
Bruin, Leonardo, on the book-trade of Florence, i, [234]
Brute, Chronicle of, ii, 116, 139
Buchanan, George, ii, 65 ff.
Budæus, scholar and diplomat, ii, 13 ff.; influence of, with Francis I., ii, 14 ff., 39; work of, printed by Vascosanus, ii, 25
Bulæus, History of the University of Paris, by, i, [256]
Bull, of Benedict VIII., 1022, i, [44]; of Leo X., 1520, ii, 225; papal, concerning the productions of the printing-press, ii, 359
Burer, Mathias, i, [40]
Burgo, Antonio de’, i, [449]
Burgundy, the dukes of, patrons of producers of books, i, [268], [294]
—— Duke of, ii, 102
Bury, Richard de, i, [44]; buys books in Paris, i, [218]; buys books in Rome; i, [228]; describes his relations with the booksellers of Europe, i, [233]; makes reference to the wide extent of the business of the manuscript-dealers, i, [296]
Busby, Doctor, ii, 81
Busch, ii, 167
Busleiden, ii, 41
Bussi, Bishop of Aleria, an early patron of printing, i, [405]
Bydell, John, ii, 142
C
Cædmon, the songs of, i, [93]; paraphrases of the Scriptures, i, [93]; composes The Revolt of Satan, i, [93]
Caen, printing in, ii, 257
Cæsaris and Stoll, establish the second press in Paris, ii, 7
Cæsarius of Arles, convent of, i, [51]; the Chronicles of, i, [225]
Calcar, Abbot Heinrich von, i, [85]
Calcedonio, ii, 350
Calvin, ii, 51, 52 ff.; the Institutes of, ii, 55
Calvinists, held responsible for the destruction of many monasteries, i, [132]
Camaldulensers, of St. Michael, carry on a trade in manuscripts, i, [234]
Camaldulensis, Ambrosius, writes to Aretinus, i, [246]
Cambrai, the League of, i, [420]; ii, 357
Cambridge, the University of, i, [181]; ii, 60; first printing in, ii, 138
Campanus, Bishop of Teramo, patron and press-corrector, i, [406]
Campeggi, Cardinal, ii, 246
Campensis, (Morrhius), ii, 24
Canonical Law, works in, published by the Kobergers, ii, 160
Canterbury Tales, Caxton’s Text for, ii, 114
Capella, Martianus, The Satyricon, i, [116]
Carpi, the Princess of, loans funds to Aldus, i, [419]
Carthusians, literary work in the monasteries of, i, [70]; the regulations of, for the care of books, i, [148]
Cartolajo, Francesco, i, [238]
Cartularii or Chartularii, i, [44]
Casaubon, Arnold, ii, 88
—— Isaac, ii, 27, 67 ff., 85 ff.; 315; ii,; death of, ii, 100
Cassian, the Institutes of, ii, 167
Cassiodorus, i, [10]; birth of, i, [14], [17]; summary of career, i, [14]; Abbot of Vivaria i, [15]; offices held by, i, [17], [18]; the Letters of, i, [18]; Variæ of, cited, i, [18] ff.; Chronicon of, i, [19]; History of the Goths, of, i, [19]; secures a policy of toleration for the Gothic Kingdom, i, [18]; retires to Bruttii, i, [20]; character of, as a minister, i, [20]; founds monastery of Mons Castellius, i, [21]; writes De Anima, i, [22]; plans school of Christian literature, i, [22]; describes the work of his scriptorium, i, [26]; lamps invented by, i, [26]; transcribes Jerome’s version of the Scriptures, i, [26]; writings of, i, [26], [27]; death of, i, [27]; character of, i, [27]; work of, compared with that of Alcuin, i, [110-115]; [182]
Castellazzo, ii, 370
Castiglione, ii, 376
Castro, Leon de, ii, 262
Catalogue of books published in England, 1666-1680, ii, 148
Cathac, or “the Fighter,” name applied to the Psalter of Columba, i, [47]
Catharine, Saint, the monastery of, i, [146]
Catharine of Medici, ii, 70
Caxton, Maude, ii, 123
—— William, relations of, with Cologne, i, [388]; ii, 101 ff., 178, 467
Ceaddæ, Saint, an early manuscript of, i, [231]
Cecilia, daughter of William the Conqueror, organises the school in her convent at Kucaen, i, [52]
Cell, John de, Abbot of St. Albans, i, [103]
Celtes, Conrad, secures the earliest German privilege, i, [426]; relations of, with Aldus, i, [426], [435]; ii, 175, 414, 421
Cennino, goldsmith and printer, i, [457]
Censorship, exercised by the theologians of the universities over the book-trade of Paris, i, [214] ff.; ecclesiastical, i, [343]; ii, 27; in France, ii, 437 ff.; formal institution of, in France, ii, 441ff.; in Germany, ii, 242 ff.; in Austria, ii, 249; in Holland, ii, 296 ff., 337; literary, establishment of, in Venice, II., 352 ff.; 356, 403; in the Low Countries, ii, 266
Censorship, and privileges in Italy, ii, 343 ff.
Chabanais, of St. Cybar, i, [56]
Chantor, the, has charge of the library of the monastery, i, [101]
Charlemagne, i, [36]; enquires concerning Monastic Orders, i, [31]; listens to reading, i, [69]; policy of, in regard to education, i, [106]; entrusts the imperial schools to Alcuin, i, [107]; the capitular of, i, [112]; interested in the school of Salerno, i, [182]; orders the translation of Greek medical treatises, i, [182]; alleged connection of, with the University of Bologna, i, [183]; name of, associated with a group of the older schools, i, [197]; instructions of, concerning the disposition of his books, i, [230]; relations of, to education and literature, ii, 478 ff.
Charles II. and printing in England, ii, 135
—— IV., i, [184]
—— of Austria, ii, 201
—— V., Emperor, ii, 39, 140, 242; edict of 1521, ii, 266; edict of, for the regulation of the Press, ii, 442
—— V., of France, letters-patent of, i, [206]
—— VI., Emperor, secures the library of S. Giovanni, i, [147]; exempts book-dealers from certain war taxes, i, [207]
—— VII., plans to introduce printing into France, ii, 2 ff.
—— VIII., ii, 357; funeral procession of, ii, 440
—— IX., ii. 70; issues the ordinance of Moulins, ii, 450
Chartularii, definition of the term, i, [235]
Chaucer, the Troilus and Cressida of, i, [302]; Canterbury Tales, i, [305]; ii, 114, 126; described by Caxton, ii, 132
Chevillier, on the early book-trade of Paris, i, [200]; schedule prepared by, of manuscripts of the 13th century, i, [259]; ii, 60; on the relations of Francis I. with the reformers, ii, 444
Choir books, produced as manuscripts after the invention of printing, i, [87]
Christina, Queen, ii, 305 ff.
Christine (or Cristyne), de Pisa, ii, 115, 120
Chrodegang, Archbishop, initiates a reform of the monasteries, i, [128]
Chrysoloras, the first professor of Greek in Florence, i, [325]; ii, 23
Church and State in Germany, conflicts of, concerning the control of literature in Germany, ii, 418 ff.
Church of Rome, the, influence of, on education in the universities, i, [178]
Churches of North Germany, book-trade carried on in the, i, [283]
Cicero, Letters of, for sale by all the earlier dealers in manuscripts, i, [250]; early editions of, in Paris, ii, 21 ff.
Cistercians, regulations of the, for the care of books, i, [148]
Clarendon Press of Oxford, ii, 297
Clark, J. W., Libraries in the Mediæval Period, cited, i, [29] ff.; on the library methods of the Benedictines, i, [148]
Classics, Latin, preserved in the monasteries, i, [61]
Clement VII., ii, 29
—— VIII. grants an exceptional copyright or monopoly, ii., 379 ff.
Clemente, printer and illuminator of Lucca, i, [455]
Clementine Index, the (of Clement VIII.), ii, 377
Clerics, as scribes, i, [36]; as officials, i, [36]
Clictou, Josse, ii, 19
Clugni, catalogue of the library in the Abbey of, i, [131]
Clugni, the Customs of, cited, i, [63], [70]
Cluniacs, library regulations of, i, [30], [147]
Cochläus, ii, 227
Codeca, Matteo de, ii, 349
Codex Argenteus, the, ii, 306
Coelfried, Abbot of Jarrow, and later of Wearmouth, sells books to King Alfred, i, [96]
Colet, John, ii, 194
Colines, Simon de, printer of Paris, ii, 21, 26; marries widow of Henry Estienne (the elder), ii, 21 ff., 26, 30
Colloquies, the, of Erasmus, ii, 208 ff.
Cologne, theological interests of the University of, i, [280]; as a commercial centre, i, [386]; the library of, i, [387]; the University of, i, [387]; the earlier printers of, i, [387]; piratical operations of the early printers of, i, [390]
Colonto, prints the first Hebrew Bible, i, [459]
Columba, Saint, chief events of his life, i, [45-50]
Comester, Peter, the Historica Scholastica of, i, [104]
Commelin, ii, 90
Common-law copyright in manuscripts, ii, 484
Compayré, opinions of, concerning the Benedictine schools, i, [197]
Compensation of authors in Italy, i, [334]
Concordat between Rome and Venice in 1597, ii, 380 ff.; between Leo X. and Francis I., ii, 440
Conrad, Abbot, ii, 168
Constantine, a scribe of Erfurt, i, [40]
—— the African, comes from Carthage to Monte Cassino, i, [134]; develops the school of Salerno, i, [182]
Constantinople, Acts of the Council of, i, [226]; Greek scholars of, migrate to Italy, i, [255]
Contract, dated 1346, for the sale of books in Bruges, i, [290]
Convention of 1793 in Paris, ii, 505
Cooper’s Thesaurus Linguæ Romanæ, ii, 63
Copeland, ii, 126
Copenhagen, relations of the Elzevirs with, ii, 304 ff.
Copyists of Genoa, petition the Senate for the expulsion of the printers, i, [413]
Copyright, case of, in 567 A.D., the first in Europe, i, [46]
Copyright control of manuscripts, ii, 481 ff.
Copyright, diverse theories concerning, ii, 507 ff.
Copyrights in Venice, ii, 369 ff.
Cordova, described as the Athens of the West, i, [254]; literary activity in, i, [254]; manuscript-trade of, i, [254]; library of, destroyed by the Berbers, i, [255]; the Index of, ii., 270
Correctors and Revisers employed by Plantin, ii, 277
Corvinus, Matthias, collects books in Florence, i, [240]
Coster, see [Koster]
Council at Basel, pamphlets concerning the work of, prohibited, i, [296]
Council of Ten in Venice, ii, 351; establishes a censorship for the literature of the Humanities, ii, 356
Coverdale Bible, the, ii, 141
Cranach, Lucas, ii, 168, 233; printer, painter, and apothecary, ii, 430
Cranmer, Archbishop, ii, 142
Crasso, Leonardo, ii, 350
Cratander, ii, 173
Crévier, traces the University of Paris to Alcuin, i, [197]
Croatian versions of Luther’s writings, ii, 230
Cromwell, Thomas, ii, 142
Cuspinian, ii, 174
Cuthbert, Saint, i, [94]
Cyclops, Doctor, ii, 229
Cynewulf, the Northumbrian poet, i, [93]
Cynthio, Alvise, ii, 357
D
Damian, S. Peter, recommends to the monks the study of pagan writers, i, [62]
Danes and Normans, ravages of, in the Benedictine monasteries, i, [132]
Danesius, Petrus, ii, 66
Dante, The Divine Comedy of, i, [318]
Darmarius, ii, 88
Daubeney, William, ii, 123
D’Aubigné, the history of, ii, 241
Day, John, ii, 143
Decembrio, author of 127 books, i, [335]
Decor Puellarum, the first book printed in Venice, i, [407]
Decretals, the Isidoric, exposed by the critics of the fourteenth century, i, [83]
Decretals, published by the Kobergers, ii, 160
Dedications, the sale of, in Germany, ii, 434
De Honate, Brothers, i, [448]
Delalain, on the requirements of a skilled scribe, i, [200]
Delisle, reference of, to the lending of books by the monasteries, i, [138]
Delprat, history of the Brothers of Common Life, cited, i, [88]
Denis, on the Council of Basel, i, [285]
Denk, Gesch. des Gallo. Frank. Unterrichts, etc., cited, i, [32] ff.
Denmark, relations of the Elzevirs with, ii, 305
Denys, Saint, the Chronicles of, i, [57]
De Rancé, treatise of, on the monastic life, i, [119]
Derry, monastery of, i, [45]
Descartes, ii, 316 ff.
Desmarets, the Bible of, ii, 317
Deventer, the Brotherhood House at, a place of book-production, i, [88]
De Vic, ii, 94 ff.
De Wailly, monetary tables of, cited, i, [208]
De Worde, Wynken, ii, 138
Diarmid, King of Tara, decides a copyright case, i, [46]
Dictare, use of term, i, [44]
Didier, Abbot of Monte Cassino, i, [62], 134
Didot, Firmin, ii, 329
Diemude, or Diemudis, nun of Wessobrunn, works written by, i, [54]; list of works transcribed by, i, [80], [81]
Dietrich, Abbot of St. Evroul, his story of the sinful scribe, i, [64]
Dietz, Ludwig, publisher for Luther, ii, 231
Dio, Giovanni di, ii, 353
Ditmar, Bishop of Mersebourg, i, [58]
Dolet, Étienne, ii, 46, 449
Dominic, Saint, monks of the Brotherhood of, establish a printing-office, i, [458]
Donaldson vs. Becket, ii, 472 ff.
Donation, of Constantine, the, ii, 227
Döring, ii, 233 ff.
Dorpius, on Froben, ii, 189
Dritzehn, the brothers, associates of Gutenberg, i, [357] ff.
Drumceitt, Parliament of, i, [48]
Drummond on The Praise of Folly, ii, 193
Dryden, John, makes agreement for his Virgil, ii, 148
Du Chastel, ii, 44, 46, 49
Ducret, scribe for Duke of Burgundy, i, [41]
Dunstan, Saint, Archbishop of Canterbury, i, [101]; institutes monastery schools, i, [101]; orders transcripts to be made in the vernacular, i, [101]
Dürer, Albert, ii, 149 ff., 168; Instruction in Perspective, contention concerning the copyright of, ii, 410 ff.; literary and art productions of, ii, 409 ff.
Dutch Republic, establishment of the, ii, 273 ff.
E
Ebert, on the division of manuscripts, cited, i, [65]
Ecclesiastical Censorship, i, [343]
Ecclesiastical schools, i, [36]
Eckstein, Heinrich, ii, 423
Eddas, collections of, preserved by the Benedictines, i, [61]
Edward IV., King, accounts of, for the binding of books, i, [313]; ii, 103, 122
—— VI., ii, 67
Egbert of York, i, [107]
Eggestein, Heinrich, i, [381] ff.
Eichstadt, Abbess of, compiles the Heldenbuch, i, [52]
Ekkhard, Abbot of Aurach, i, [58]
Eligius, Saint, the biography of, i, [128]
Ellis, George, Introduction to Early English Poetry of, cited, i, [302]
Elton, Charles, ii, 306
Eltville, i, [363]
Elzevirs, the, of Leyden and Amsterdam, ii, 18, 286 ff.; House of, in Amsterdam, ii, 299 ff.; publications of the, ii, 319 ff.; close of the publishing operations of, ii, 329 ff.; “piracies” of, ii, 332; relations of, with authors, ii, 332 ff.; religious faith of, ii, 338; relations of, to the book trade of Europe, ii, 500 ff.
Elzevir, Abraham, ii, 292 ff.
—— Bonaventure, ii, 290 ff.
—— Daniel, ii, 293 ff.;
the death of, ii, 329; the widow of, ii, 329
—— Isaac, ii, 292 ff.; 295 ff.
—— John, ii, 293 ff.
—— Louis (the first), ii, 280 ff.; 286 ff.; the six sons of, ii, 289 ff.
—— Louis (the second), ii, 299 ff.
—— Matthew, ii, 290 ff.
Elzevir Classics, the, ii, 292 ff.; ii, 309 ff.; 331
Emo, Abbot of Wittewierum, i, [70]
Emperor, the Holy Roman, claims the control of the printing-press, ii, 420 ff.
England, the literary monks of, i, [90]; the Abbey schools in, i, [118]; beginnings of literary property in, ii, 464 ff.
English Crown, relations of the, to literary property, ii, 465 ff.
Engraving, relation of, to the work of the early printers, ii, 164
Epistolæ Obscurorum Virorum, the, i, [223]
Erasmus, deprecates the adverse influence of Lutheranism on literature, i, [224]; reference of, to Birckmann, i, [389]; relations of, with Froben, i, [394] ff.; relations of, with Aldus, i, [423] ff.; makes his first sojourn in Italy, i, [427]; does editorial work for Aldus, i, [427]; publishes the Venetian edition of his Adagia, i, [427]; early editions of The Praise of Folly, of, i, [428]; complaints of, concerning careless typesetting, i, [428]; friendship of, with Aleander, ii, 12; the Colloquies of, ii, 22, 23; feeling against, in the Sorbonne, ii, 24; criticised by Lutherans, Calvinists, and Romanists, ii, 25, 39, 41, 176, 179 ff.; editions of the writings of, ii, 183 ff.; on the death of Froben, ii, 189, 210 ff.; writings of, ii, 192; on Aldus, ii, 198; Spanish editions of the writings of, ii, 210; latest writings of, ii, 212 ff.; income of, ii, 214 ff., 226; concerning publishing methods, ii, 429
Erfurt, bookselling in the churches of, i, [283]
Erlangen, collection of manuscripts in the University library of, i, [280]
Ernest, Elector of Saxony, ii, 233
Ernst, Archbishop, ii, 229
Erpenius, ii, 292, 296
Estaples, d’, ii, 19
Estiennes, the, history of, ii, 15 ff.
Estienne, House of, ii, 87
—— Antoine, ii, 87
—— Charles, ii, 63 ff.
—— Florence, ii, 88
Estienne, Francis, ii, 62 ff.
—— Henry (the elder), begins work as a printer, ii, 18 ff.
—— Henry (the first), ii, 26
—— Henry (the second), ii, 37, 66 ff., 94; rhymed complaint of, on the difficulties of scholarly work, ii, 78
—— Paul, ii, 87, 95
—— Robert (the first), ii, 25 ff.; first publications of, ii, 30; motto of, ii, 30; appointed printer in Greek to the King, ii, 33, 42; takes refuge at Court, ii, 34; divides the New Testament into verses, ii, 48; removes from Paris to Geneva, ii, 50; Geneva publications of, ii, 53, 54, 55; death of, ii, 55; eulogies on, ii, 56, 254
—— Robert (second), ii, 64 ff.
Esslingen, early printing in, ii, 439
Eusebius, praises the work of nuns as scribes, i, [53]; reference of, to the chaining of books, i, [141]
Evelyn, John, ii, 298
Exemplatores, functions of, i, [188]
Exercitationes of Casaubon, ii, 98 ff.
F
Faber, Johann, ii, 245
Fabri, Felix, the Historia Suevorum, of, i, [369]
Fairs, in England, utilized by the dealers in manuscripts, i, [306]; in Germany, manuscript-trade in the, i, [287]
Falstoffe, Sir John, ii, 116, 123
Faques, William, printer to the King, ii, 467
Fathers of the Church, Dutch editions of the writings of, ii, 331
Felice, Fra, of Prato, ii, 355
Fell, Bishop, memoir by, on the state of printing in Oxford, i, [310]
Ferdinand, Emperor, ii, 242 ff., 249
Ferreol, Saint, the Rule of, i, [63], [123]
Fichet, Wilhelm, letter of, concerning the invention of printing, i, [359]; ii, 5; the Rhetoric of, ii, 7
Ficino, the writings of, i, [338] ff.
Field, Richard, ii, 146
Fileas, the, an order of Celtic Bards, i, [48]
Filelfo, Francesco, i, [189]; recovers in a book-shop a stolen volume, i, [234]; reference of, to Melchior, i, [249]; i, [335] ff.
Finnian, contention of, with Columba, i, [46]
Flach, Martin, i, [383]
Flamel, Nicholas, librarius and speculator in real estate, i, [275]
Flanders, in its relations to the Protestants, ii, 258
Fleury, describes the Abbey of Gembloux, i, [97]; the Abbey schools of, i, [118]
Florence, the University of, i, [183] ff.; gives special attention to belles-lettres, i, [184]; the Humanists of, i, [184]; takes the lead in the trade in manuscripts, i, [239]; the earlier book-dealers of, i, [246]; the literary activities of, i, [318]; the literary society of, i, [327] ff.; the academies of, i, [344]; early printers of, i, [457]
Flugschriften, the, of the Reformation, ii, 162, 241 ff.
Foligno, early printers of, i, [456]
Fontaine, the monastery of, founded, i, [47]
Fontainebleau, Royal Library of, ii, 14
Fosbroke, classifies monastic catalogues, i, [142]
Foscari, Doge of Venice, ii, 373
Fox, John, Book of Martyrs of, ii, 143
France, the Abbey schools in, i, [118]; the manuscript-trade in, i, [255] ff.; early printers of, ii, 2 ff.; regulations for the printing-press in, ii, 437; legislation in, for the encouragement of literature, ii, 446 ff.; summary of the privileges in, ii, 491 ff.; takes the initiative in regard to the Convention of Berne, ii, 506; summary of copyright legislation in, ii, 508
Francheschi, Pietro, ii, 403
Francis I., relations of the literature and the clergy, ii, 6, 7; founds Royal Library at Fontainebleau, ii, 14; at issue with the Doctors of the Sorbonne, ii, 19 ff.; protects Robert Estienne against the royal censors, ii, 34; 38, 42, 43, 45, 57, 70, 324; relations of, with the reformers, ii, 444; edict of, in regard to privileges, ii, 447 ff.
Franco, Bishop of Treviso, ii, 372 ff.
Frankfort, first sale of printed books in the fair of, i, [288]; magistracy of, protects the publishing contracts of Schöffer, i, [377]; the book-fair of, ii, 247, 265, 302 ff. 365, 416; relations of the Elzevirs with, ii, 302 ff.; ordinance of the city of concerning privileges, ii, 414
—— and the Thirty Years’ War, ii, 498
Frankland, the demoralisation of, before the time of Charlemagne, i, [110]
Franz, biographer of Cassiodorus, cited, i, [24]
Fredegar, The Chronicle of, i, [128]
Frederic, Elector of Saxony, i, [432]; orders books for Wittenberg, i, [432]
Frederick I., Landgrave of Alsace, ii, 423
—— II., The Emperor, i, [183]
—— III. of Germany, institutes the office of imperial supervisor of literature, ii, 419
Free-thinkers and the Church of Rome, i, [333]
Free Will, treatise on, by Erasmus, ii, 209
Fregeno, secures in Sweden, Roman manuscripts, i, [229]
Freising, Otto von, cited, i, [43]
French, as a literary language for Europe, ii, 504
Friese, Ulrich, a bookseller at the Nordlingen fair, i, [283]
Frilo, father of Gutenberg, i, [357]
Froben, Jerome, son of Johann, ii, 213
—— Johann, i, [393]; scholarly attainments of, i, [393]; relations with Erasmus, i, [393] ff.; ii, 39, 102, 178 ff., 244 ff., 429; letter of, to Zwingli, ii, 187; the literary friends of, ii, 188 ff.; gives up the publishing of the writings of Luther, ii, 221; the death of, ii, 210
Frodoard, i, [56]
Froissart, ii, 117
Fromund of Tegernsee, i, [68]
Froschauer, Printer for Zwingli, i, [396]; ii, 141
Froude, on the patronage system, ii, 197
Frowin, manuscript of, i, [43]
Fryth, John, ii, 140
Fugger, The House of, i, [431]; bankers and forwarders, i, [431]
——, Huldric, ii, 68 ff.
——, Joannes Jacobus, ii, 69
Furnivall’s Captain Cox, ii, 145
Fust, Johann, first relations of, with Gutenberg, i, [360], [372]; lawsuit of, i, [360] ff.; relations of, with Schöffer, i, [372]; first journey of, to Paris, i, [373]; the earliest pirate of printed books, i, [375]; death of, in 1467, i, [375]; sells his Bibles in Paris, ii, 5
Fust and Schöffer, earliest publications of, i, [373]
G
Gaddesden, John of, i, [308]
Gaillard, ii, 40
Galeotti, J., importer of manuscripts, i, [242]
Galileo, ii, 309
Garland, Jean de, compiles a directory of the industries of Paris, i, [256]
Gasparino, the Letters of, ii, 7
Gaul, literature in, during fifth century, i, [7]
Gaza, Theodore, Greek editor for the Aldine Press, i, [420], ii, 23
Geneva, ii, 38, 50; University of, ii, 51; literary interests of, ii, 51; censorship regulations of, ii, 51; pirates of, ii, 51; great siege of, ii, 88; theology of, ii, 91; literature of, ii, 91 ff.; publishing activities of, ii, 93
Gengenbach, dramatist and printer, i, [395]
Genoa, contests in, between the copyists and the printers, i, [413]; early printers of, i, [458]; the scribes of, protest against the introduction of printing, i, [459]
Gensfleisch, the family of (Gutenberg), i, [356] ff.
Geoffrey of St. Barbe, letter of, i, [133]
George, Duke of Saxony, puts the Protestant printers of Leipzig under restrictions, i, [401]; ii, 232, 250
George, Elector of Saxony, ii, 424
Gerbert, Abbot of Bobbio, cited, i, [38]; orders books from a distance, i, [139], [140]; collects books for his libraries, i, [231]; ii, 480
Gering, printer of Paris, ii, 5
German, book-trade, organization of the, ii, 497; universities in the 15th century, standard of scholarship in, i, [277]
Germany, the monastic schools in, i, [118]; manuscript dealers in, i, [276] ff.; privileges and regulations in, ii, 407 ff.; summary of privileges in, ii, 493 ff.; in its relations to literary property, ii, 505
Gerson, Johann, Chancellor of University of Paris, i, [54]; describes the literary wealth of Paris, i, [261]; ii, 150
Gertrude, Abbess of Nivelle, a buyer of books, i, [51], [53]
Gerwold, Abbot of S. Wandrille, i, [67]
Gesner, ii, 56, 432
Gesta Romanorum, said to have originated in England, i, [304]; edition of the, printed by A. Koberger, ii, 161
Ghent, the Pacification of, ii, 273
Ghisebrecht, ii, 277
Gibbon criticises Caxton, ii, 127, 128
Giesebrecht, treatise of De litterarum Studiis, i, [226]
Gildas, Chronicles of, i, [55]
Giovanni, Saint, the library of, in Naples, i, [146]
Giraud, C., cited, i, [55]
Gita, a scribe of Schwarzenthau, i, [54]
Giunta, the family of, i, [248]
——, Phillippo, i, [238]
Glaber, Raoul, i, [56]
Glanville, i, [308]
Glastonbury, Chapel of, i, [106]
Godo, purchases books in Rome, i, [227]
Golden Legend, The, ii, 118
Gosselin, ii, 95
Goths, rule of, in Italy, i, [9]
Gourmont, Giles, printer of Paris, ii, 10 ff.; publications of, ii, 23
Gower, John, ii, 117, 126
Graevius, on the death of Louis Elzevir (the second), ii, 318
Grafton, printer, ii, 141
Greek, the knowledge of, in the tenth century, i, [127]; books, printing of, limited to a few publishers, i, [244]; immigrants, as instructors in Italy, i, [236]; fonts of the Imprimerie Royale, ii, 58 ff.; lecturers in University of Paris, ii, 23; literature, brought to Europe through Arabian writers, i, [181]; literature, introduction of, into Italy, i, [236]; literature, in Paris, ii, 10 ff.; manuscripts brought from Constantinople to Italy, i, [235]
Greek Press in Paris, history of the, ii, 10 ff.
Greek scholars, relations of, with Venice and with Florence, i, [237]; secure compensation in Italy for editorial work, i, [411]; as assistants to publishers, i, [416]; in Paris, ii, 23
Greek texts, brought to Venice from the East, i, [411] ff.; in the University of Paris, ii, 22
Gregoriis, Gregorius de, ii, 354
Gregoropoulos, Greek proof-reader for Aldus, i, [421]
Gregory I., Pope, writings of, i, [34], [35]; charges against, i, [34]; opinion of, concerning the Scriptures and grammar, i, [121]; as an author, ii, 478
—— VII., utilises the work of monastic scribes, i, [81-82]
—— XIII., ii, 262
—— of Tours, i, [56]
Grein, Anglo-Saxon Library, by, i, [92]
Grimani, the breviary of, i, [294]
Grimlaïcus, the Rule of, i, [123]
Grimm, Siegmund, publisher for Hutten, ii, 229
Grolier de Servier, ii, 43
Groote, Gerhard, founds in Deventer a Brotherhood House, i, [88]
Grotius, ii, 65, 304; the Mare Liberum of, ii, 308
Grunenberg, Johann, publisher for Luther, ii, 222
Grüninger, Hans, of Strasburg, ii, 151, 165
Gruthuyse, of Bruges, a collector of manuscripts, i, [289]; ii, 105
Guignes, de, ii, 60
Guild, of printers and publishers, in Milan, i, [450] ff.; of S. John in Bruges, ii, 106; of publishers and printers in Paris, regulations of, ii, 453 ff.; of printers and book-sellers in Venice, ii, 364 ff.; of the Venetian book-trade, organisation of, ii, 395 ff.; of the Venetian book-trade, close of the history of, ii, 398; Hall, for the Venetian book-trade, ii, 395
Guiscard, Robert, i, [182]
Guldemund, Hans, ii, 410
Gutenberg, i, [9], [349] ff.; earlier operations of, i, [358]; first partnerships of, i, [358]; lawsuits of, i, [358] ff.; conditions of the business of, i, [364]; financial difficulties of, i, [364] ff.; fonts of type manufactured by, i, [365]; early testimony concerning the invention of, i, [380]; ii, 17, 178
H
Hagen, quotes a rhyming record from a Hagenau manuscript, i, [285]
Hagenau, early manuscript-trade of, i, [284]; printing introduced into, i, [284]; relations of, with Heidelberg, i, [284] ff.
Hahn, printer of Ingolstadt and of Rome, i, [406]
Hallam, on Saumaise, ii, 315
Hamburg, manuscript-dealers of, i, [283]; caution of the Senate of, concerning dedications, ii, 434
Hans, the brothers, ii, 425
Hardy, Thomas Duffus, on the literary work of the British monasteries, i, [102]
Harlinde, Abbess, skilled as a scribe, i, [53]
Harper, the House of, ii, 335
Harsy, Antoine de, ii, 94
Hatzlern, Clara, scribe of Augsburg, i, [41]
Hauslik, history of the University of Prague, i, [278]
Hedwig, Duchess of Suabia, teaches Greek to Abbot Burckhart, i, [126]
Hegel, Philosophy of History of, quoted, i, [367]
Heidelberg, the library of, i, [85]; books bought for the library of, i, [232]; book-trade in the University of, i, [279]
Heilsbrunn, manuscripts from the monastery of, i, [280]
Heinsius, Nicholas, ii, 298, 310, 313 ff., 317
Helgaud, i, [56]
Hellenic Brothers, the, of St. Gall, i, [126]
Henry II. of France, ii, 48, 56, 70; letters-patent of, i, [203]
—— III., ii, 82 ff.
—— IV., ii, 95 ff.
—— VI. of England, death of, ii, 129; interest of, in printing in England, ii, 135
—— VII., ii, 123
—— VIII., ii, 45, 141
Heresbach, ii, 41
Heresy, the Venetian Commissioners of, ii, 404
Herluca, corresponds with Diemude, i, [54]
Hermonymus, a designer of type in Paris, ii, 10, 23
Herneis, publisher of Paris in the thirteenth century, i, [271]
Herodotus, History of, ii, 73
Herrad of Landsberg, writings of, i, [52]
Herrgott, Johann, ii, 249
Heynlin, ii, 5, 111
Higden, Ralph, the Polychronicon of, i, [56], [307]
Hilary, works of, edited by Erasmus, ii, 209
Hilda, Abbess of Whitby, i, [93]
Hildesheim, the Brothers of, producers of books, i, [90]
Hiltebrand, Johann, ii, 231
Hippocrates and Galen, described as the “Aristotles of Medicine,” i, [195]; writings of, used as text-books, i, [195]
Hochstraten, ii, 202
Hodgkin, Thomas, Italy and her Invaders, cited, i, [3] ff.; summarises the services of Cassiodorus, i, [23], [24]
Hoeck, Adolph von, Prior of Scheda, i, [86]
Holbein, Hans, ii, 10, 180, 181, 200
Holland, the increasing trade of, ii, 290 ff.; book-trade of, during the Thirty Years’ War, ii, 498
Hollybushe, John, ii, 142
Honoratus, Saint, founds Monastery of Lerin, i, [32]
Honorius, opinion of, concerning the philosophers, i, [129]
Hopyll, Wolffgang, printer of Paris, ii, 18
Horn, Conrad, stadtschreiber, sells books by contract, i, [288]
Hroswitha, daughter of Duke of Saxony, i, [52]
—— of Gandersheim, i, [37], [52]; the Chronicon Urspergense of, i, [87], [360]; the dramas of, ii, 414, 420
Hubmayer, Balthasar, ii, 243
Hugh, Abbot of Flavigny, i, [57]
Hugo of Trimberg, schoolmaster and book collector, i, [287]
——, Cardinal, ii, 157
—— Bible, the, ii, 154, 157 ff., 167
Humanistic Movement, influence of the, on the production of printed literature, i, [370] ff.; the leaders of the, ii, 226
Humanists, the influence of the, in the German universities, i, [223]; ii, 172
Humery, Doctor Conrad, of Mayence, i, [292]; co-operates with Gutenberg, i, [361] ff.
Hummelsburger, letter of, concerning Aldine editions, i, [436]
Hungarians, destroy monasteries in the tenth century, i, [132]
Hunt, Thomas, ii, 137
Huntington, Henry of, Chronicles, i, [56], [307]
Huszner, George, i, [383]
Hutten, Ulrich von, ii, 176, 182, 227, 239
—— and Luther, ii, 251
I
Ibo, Bishop of Chartres, treatise of, De Rebus Ecclesiasticis, i, [117]
Idung, the Dialogues of, i, [54]
Illuminators, of manuscripts, i, [241]
Illustrated publications, early editions of, issued in Nuremberg, i, [398]
Imperial cities, special privileges of, concerning book production, ii, 422 ff.
Imperial Commission for the regulation of literature, ii, 421
Ina, King, i, [106]
Index Expurgatorius of Louvain, ii, 44
Index, the, of 1564, ii, 243
Index, the, and the book-trade, ii, 372 ff.
Index, the, issued by the Council of Trent, ii, 375 ff.
Indexes, the, of 1546, 1550, 1551, 1554, 1559, ii, 268 ff., 275
Ingolstadt, regulations of the University of, concerning text-books, i, [281]
Ingulphus, Chronicles of, i, [56]; record of, concerning the Abbey of Peterborough, i, [132]
Innocent IV., Pope, i, [183]
Inquisition, the, and censorship, ii, 267; relations of, with the printing-press, ii, 371
Iona, the monastery of, founded, i, [47], [90]
Irnerius, jurist of Bologna, i, [183]
Isidore, Bishop of Seville, writings of, i, [35]; treatise of, on elocution, i, [117]
Italian literature, influence of, on Elizabethan authors, ii, 144
Italy, the monastic schools in, i, [118]; monasteries in, destroyed by the Saracens, i, [132]; the printer-publishers of, i, [403] ff.; privileges and censorship in, ii, 343 ff.; enactments concerning literary property in, ii, 406
J
Jacob of Breslau, volumes written by, i, [86]
Jacob, Saint, monastery of, in Liége, i, [114]
James I., ii, 96 ff.
Jehan, Jacques, grocer and book-seller, i, [274]
Jenson, Nicholas, first printer in Venice, i, [407]; operations of, in Paris and in Mayence, i, [408]; settles in Venice, i, [409]; sells printing plant to Torresano, i, [411]; sent to Mayence by Charles VII., ii, 2; 344
Jerome, Saint, writings of, i, [3], [23], [32]; ii, 189; befriends S. Paula and her daughter, i, [51]; injunction of, concerning reading, i, [124]; complains of the untrustworthiness of the work of scribes, i, [229]
Jews, forbidden to buy or sell manuscripts in the Italian universities, i, [194]; lend moneys to monasteries on pledges of books, i, [231]
Jewell, John, ii, 53
John, Bishop of Aleria, cites prices of early printed books, i, [375]
——, King of France, buys stationery in England, i, [312]
—— of Speyer, printer of Venice, i, [407] ff.; secures a monopoly for printing in Venice, i, [408]
Jordæus, treatise on the Goths, i, [19]
Junius, Hadrian, historian of Koster, i, [352]
Jusserand, J. J., on the early literature of the Anglo-Saxons, i, [91]; English Wayfaring Life, by, cited, i, [302] ff.
K
Kalle, Samuel, ii, 425
Kapp, on the selling of dedications, ii, 433
Karoch, instructor in Erfurt, i, [220]
Kefer, Heinrich, ii, 150
Kennett, White, ii, 63
Kessler, Nicholas, of Basel, relations of, with Koberger, ii, 409
Kirchhoff, on the selling of dedications, ii, 434
Knight, Charles, The Old Printer of, cited, i, [302] ff.
Knittel, concerning the work of the scriptorium, cited, i, [65]
Kobergers, the, of Nuremberg, ii, 149 ff.; business of, interfered with by the Reformation, ii, 163
Koberger, Anthoni, i, [384]; the publications of, i, [397] ff.; ii, 76, 149 ff.; principal publications of, ii, 152, 154; commended by Badius, Wimpfeling, Leontorius, and the Emperor Maximilian, ii, 155, 156; friendship of, with Amerbach, ii, 156; relations of, with Celtes, Dürer, and Pirckheimer, ii, 156; editions of the Bible printed by, ii, 157, 158; conservatism of, ii, 204; relations of, to the system of privileges in Germany, ii, 409
——, Johannes, ii, 159
——, Melchior, relations of, with Luther, ii, 159
Koelhoff, Johann, printer of Cologne, i, [388]
Koepke, Otton. Studien, cited, i, [36] ff.
König, Conrad, agent for Luther’s books, ii, 231
Köpflin, ii, 245
Köster, Laurens, of Harlem, i, [349] ff.; the statue of, ii, 298
Krantz, printer of Paris, ii, 5, 111
Kyrfoth, Carolus, ii, 137
L
LaCasa, Papal Nuncio, ii, 373
Lachner, ii, 179, 232
Landino, the writings of, i, [340]
Lanfranc, i, [197]
Langendorf of Basel prints piracy editions of Luther’s writings, i, [395]
Large, Robert, ii, 102
Laskaris, Greek grammarian, i, [365]; ii, 23
Latin, the language of literature for Europe, i, [318]; ii, 503
LaTrappe, the Order of, i, [120]
Lauber, Diebold, scribe and manuscript dealer in Hagenau, i, [284] ff.; noteworthy manuscripts of, i, [289]; rhyming advertisements of, i, [289]
Laurentium, the monastery of, in Liége, i, [87]
Laurie, summarises the Christian conception of education, i, [120]
Lavagna, printer of Milan, i, [408], [447]
Law, Roman and canonical, the study of, in Bologna, i, [190]
—— text-books required in Bologna and Montpellier, i, [194]
Lay-clerics, functions of, i, [38]
League, influence of the wars of the, on the supervision of the Press, ii, 450
Lectores, the work of, i, [116]
Leew, Gerard, ii, 134
LeFevre, (d’Estaples), ii, 19
LeGrand, Jaques, ii, 119
Leipzig, the earlier printers of, i, [399]; ii, 29, 202; as a centre for the distribution of printed books, i, [401]; the book fair of, ii, 303, 426; as a centre of book production, ii, 422 ff.; the literary commission of, ii, 423; caution of magistracy of, concerning dedications, ii, 434
Leland, catalogue prepared by, of the abbatial libraries of England, i, [102]
Leo, Bishop of Ostia, i, [57]
Leo X., Pope, sends emissaries to collect manuscripts, i, [301]; the literary interests of, i, [322]; relations of, with the earlier printers, i, [368]; excommunicates Luther, ii, 225; Bull of, in regard to the licencing of books, ii, 439
LeRoys, printer of Lyons, ii, 10
Lerin, monastery of, founded by Honoratus, i, [32]
Leukardis, a scribe of Mallesdorf, i, [54]
Lewis, a scribe of Wessobrunn, i, [75]
Leyden, the University of, ii, 280 ff.; as a publishing centre, ii, 286; the Press of University of, ii, 297; the University in its relations with publishing, ii, 336
Liaupold, Brother, i, [39], [54]
Libraires jurés, regulations concerning the, i, [207] ff.; of Paris, ii, 365
Librairie, origin of the term, i, [189]
Librariers Gild of Ghent and of Brussels, i, [290]
Libraries of the monasteries, the, and their arrangements for the exchange of books, i, [133] ff.; of the manuscript period, i, [146] ff.
Librarii, i, [10]; of Paris, regulations concerning, i, [260] ff.; of Paris in the 15th century, i, [269] ff.
Ligugé, monastery of, founded, i, [32]
Linacre, Sir Thomas, ii, 194
Lincoln, manuscript-dealers of, i, [312]
Lioba, Saint, a pupil of S. Boniface, organises schools in North Germany, i, [51]
Lipsius, ii, 281, 284
Listrius, Gerard, ii, 200
Litera Romana, i, [67]
Literary property, in England, beginnings of, ii, 464 ff.; development of the conception of, ii, 477 ff.; diverse theories concerning, ii, 507 ff.; in Italy, enactments concerning, ii, 406
Literature, beginnings of property in, ii, 343 ff.
Locke, on the death of Daniel Elzevir, ii, 319
Longarard, the unintelligible writings of, i, [45]
Longinus, Vincenzo, relations of, with Aldus, i, [435]
Lotter, printer of Leipzig, i, [400] ff. Melchior, first printer of Wittenberg, i, [401]; ii, 230 ff.; 430
Louis the Débonnaire, i, [97]
—— IX., pays for transcribing an Encyclopædia, i, [230]
—— XI., borrows books from the University of Paris, i, [136]; lays claim to the estate of a publisher, i, [270]; in 1474, pledges silver for the loan of a manuscript, i, [299]; a collector of books, ii, 4; recognises the library of the Louvre, ii, 4; intervenes for the protection of Schöffer, ii, 8; institutes the Parliament of Paris, ii, 441
—— XII., edict of, in behalf of booksellers, ii, 6; interest of, in printing, ii, 6; toleration of, for heretical literature, ii, 6
—— XIV., ii, 318; relations of, to literature, ii, 458 ff.
Louvain, Index Expurgatorius of, ii, 44; the University of, ii, 258; theologians of, ii, 261; the Indexes of, ii, 268 ff.; the University of, in its relations to censorship, ii, 373
Lowell, on Socinians, ii, 53
Lübeck, book sales in the churches of, i, [283]
Lucca, early printers of, i, [455]
Luden, concerning the printing-press of Germany, ii, 427
Lufft, Hans, claims copyright in Luther’s Bible, ii, 235
Lupus, Abbot, orders transcripts prepared in York, i, [229]
Luther, complaints of, concerning the piracy editions of his works, i, [402]; ii, 408; heresies of, condemned at the Council of Sens, ii, 22, 26, 45; relations of, with the Kobergers, ii, 159; Froben’s edition of the writings of, ii, 190 ff.; as an author, ii, 216 ff.; the published writings of, ii, 219 ff.; completes his version of the New Testament, ii, 225; Catechism of, printed in Slovenic, ii, 230; compensation paid to, for his literary work, ii, 232; letter of, to Lang, ii, 245; and the war of the peasants, ii, 250; and von Hutten, ii, 251; the Table-talk of, ii, 429; on the compensation of authors, ii, 431
Lutheran tracts printed in out-of-the-way places, ii, 248
Luxeuil, the monastery of, founded, i, [47]
Lydgate, John, ii, 116 ff.
Lyons, early printers of, ii, 8 ff.; a publishing centre for light literature, ii, 9 ff.; printers of, “appropriate” the productions of Paris and other cities, ii, 9, 495; publishing activities of, ii, 93
M
Mabillon, Jean, treatise of, on monastic studies, i, [120]; work of, in behalf of the Benedictines, i, [122], [123]; literary journeys of, i, [123]; on the prices of books during the Middle Ages, i, [135]
Machiavelli, The Prince of, ii, 202
Madan’s Early Oxford Press, ii, 134
Magdeburg, as a publishing centre, ii, 229, 248
Magdeburg Centuries, ii, 97
Maintenon, Madame de, relations of, to ecclesiastical censorship, ii, 461
Maitland, The Dark Ages, cited, i, [31] ff.; opinion of, concerning palimpsests, i, [72]; describes the arrangements of the scriptoria, i, [75]; on the book production of the Middle Ages, i, [77], [78]; calculation of, concerning the speed of the work of the scribes, i, [98]; criticises Robinson’s description of the Church in the Middle Ages, i, [117]; points out the inaccuracies of Milner, i, [130]; on the prices of books in the Middle Ages, i, [135]; analyses the value of MSS., i, [137]
Maittaire, Bibliography of, ii, 22, 25 ff., 40
Makkari, historian of the Mohammedan dynasties, i, [255]
Malmesbury, William of, The Chronicles of, i, [56]; writes life of Aldhelm, i, [97]; his account of the chapel at Glastonbury, i, [106]; collector of books, i, [307]
Malory, Sir Thomas, ii, 118, 126
Manenti of Urbino, copyright secured by, ii, 348
Mansfield, Lord, ii, 473
Mansion, Colart, or Colard, escripvain and printer, i, [289]; ii, 102 ff.
Manuscript, the earliest existing example of monastic scribe-work, i, [34]
Manuscripts, trade in, in Bologna, i, [184]; formalities connected with the sale of, in Paris, i, [212]; the trade in, carried on by pedlars, grocers, and mercers, i, [232]; production of, continued after the invention of printing, i, [243]; Moorish trade in, i, [254]; illuminated with the arms of noble families, i, [268]; copyright in, ii, 481 ff.
Manuscript-dealers, the historians of the, i, [180]; of Italy, i, [244] ff.; of Germany, i, [276] ff.; of Paris, i, [256] ff.
Manuscript period in England, the i, [302] ff.
Manuscript-trade, of the Brothers of Common Life, i, [291] ff.; of France, i, [255] ff.; of Germany, i, [287], [291]; of the Netherlands, i, [290] ff.; of London, in the 14th century, i, [312] ff.
Manutius, Paul, inherits business of his father, i, [438]; settles in Rome, i, [440]; letters of, to his son Aldus, i, [441]; journeys to Milan, i, [444]; completes his commentaries on Cicero, i, [444]; death of, i, [445]; coöperation of, with Plantin, ii, 264
Map, Walter, De Nugis Curiatum of, i, [304]
Margaret, Duchess of Burgundy, ii, 103, 122, 126
Margounios, Maximus, ii, 377
Marguerite de Valois, ii, 46
Mariegole, or by-laws of the Venetian Guild, ii, 366 ff.
Marillac, ii, 40
Marloratus, ii, 70
Marmontier, monastery of, founded, i, [32]
Marquard, Abbot, pawns the library of his Abbey, i, [232]
Marsam, Jehan de, master of arts and dealer in manuscripts, i, [273]
Marsham, cited, i, [55]
Martene and Montfaucon, the literary journeys of, i, [131]
Martyr, Peter, ii, 53
Mary, Saint, of Robert’s Bridge, inscription in a manuscript from, i, [73]
Mary, Queen of Scots, ii, 66
Mascon, Bishop of, ii, 44
Maseyk, the nuns of, i, [53]
Massimi, the brothers, introduce printing into Rome, i, [405]
Massmann, Die Goth. Urkunden von Neapel, etc., cited, i, [43]
Mathesius, ii, 228
Maximilian, the Emperor, befriends Reuchlin, ii, 203
—— II., relations of, to book privileges, ii, 422 ff.
Mayence, connection of, with the origin of printing, i, [358] ff.; the sack of, by Adolph of Nassau, i, [362], [372]; printers driven from, i, [372]
Medici, the, purchased books from scribes, i, [240]
——, Cosimo de’, i, [322]; institutes libraries, i, [328]; founds the Platonic Academy, i, [328]
——, Lorenzo de’, i, [338]
Meerman, reference of, to Koster, i, [354]
Melanchthon, Philip, ii, 231, 238 ff.
Melania, Saint, makes a living as a scribe, i, [33]; founds convent at Tagaste, i, [33]; beauty of transcripts of, i, [53]
Melchior, Abbot, founds printing-office in Augsburg, i, [87]; manuscript-dealer, i, [249]
Mellin, Réclus, ii, 446
Memmingen, caution of the burgomaster of, concerning dedications, ii, 434
Ménage, ii, 312
Mendicant monks, work of, in copying and distributing books, i, [84]; libraries of, i, [148]
Mensing, Doctor, ii, 229
Mentel, Johann, printer of Strasburg, i, [375], [381] ff.
Mercers’ Company, the, of London, ii, 122
Metal workers, relations of the, to early printers, ii, 164
Metz, Cathedral of, as a resort for booksellers, i, [283]
Milan, the manuscript-trade of, i, [228], [241]; literature at the Court of, i, [334]; the printing, publishing, and bookselling Guild of, i, [450] ff.; various activities of, i, [446] ff.; the first printing in, i, [447]; Publishing Association of, i, [448] ff.; the regulations of Printers’ Guild of, i, [453]
Millar vs. Taylor, ii, 472, 505
Milner, the historian, criticised by Maitland, i, [130]
Milton, John, Paradise Lost, possibly suggested by Cædmon’s Revolt of Satan, i, [93]; agreement of, for publication of Paradise Lost, ii, 147; the Defensio Populi Anglicani of, ii, 308; on the liberty of the printing-press, ii, 474 ff.
Minner, Johann, scriptor, i, [288]
Minorite Order, literary work of, i, [84]
Minutianus, professor and printer, i, [447]
Mirandola, Pico della, i, [339]
Mocenigo, Andrea, ii, 357
Modena, Statutes of the High School of, concerning the book-trade, i, [189]
Mohammedan states, literary activity in, i, [180]
Monasteries, Irish and Scotch, founded by S. Columba, i, [45-47]
Monastery cells, the severe temperature of, i, [64]
—— schools, the earlier, i, [106]
Monk, Roger, ii, 117
Monks, of England, literary work of the, i, [90]
Monkish chroniclers of England, i, [55-60], [307] ff.
Monmouth, Geoffrey of, Chronicles of, i, [56], [307]
Monopolies conceded by Venice to earlier printers, i, [408]
Mons Castellius, monastery of, i, [21]
Montalembert, The Monks of the West, cited, i, [30] ff.
Montanus, Arius, ii, 260 ff.
Monte Cassino, monastery of, founded, i, [10], [182]
Montfaucon, cited, i, [42] ff.; quoted by Robertson, i, [72]; the literary journeys of Martene and, i, [130]
Montpellier, the book-dealers of the University of, i, [266] ff.; the Press of, ii, 92
Moors, destroy monasteries in Spain, i, [132]
More, Sir Thomas, ii, 130, 194, 200; prints books in Basel, i, [395]
Morel, Frederic, ii, 25
Moretto, Antonio, ii, 351
Moretus, John, ii, 283
Morhart, Ulrich, ii, 230
Morier, on the prices of MSS. in Persia, i, [136]
Morosini, Andrea, historian of Venice, ii, 387
Morrhius (Campensis), ii, 24
Morte d’Arthur, ii, 118
Moulins, ordinance of, ii, 450
Mount Athos, the monastery of, i, [146]
Mountjoy, Lord, ii, 215
Mühlberg, battle of, ii, 421
Mullinger, summarises the Apostolic Constitutions, i, [121]
Münster as a publishing centre, ii, 248 ff.
Muratori, the Chronicles of, i, [57]; reference of, to books presented to churches, i, [137]; concerning the monastery collection of books, i, [138]
Murbach, the monastery of, i, [83]
Mure, Conrad de, i, [40]
Muretus, ii, 67
Murner, Thomas, ii, 183, 431
Murray, the House of, ii, 335
Musurus, Marcus, appointed professor of Greek, i, [416]; appointed censor by the Venetian Senate, i, [422]; script of, utilised as a model for Greek type, ii, 347; censor of Greek books in Venice, ii, 356
Mutianus, the work of, at Erfurt, i, [223]
Myrop, C., ii, 305
N
Nantes, the edict of, ii, 451 ff.
Naples, the University of, i, [182]; the Academy of, i, [344]
Napoleon and the freedom of the printing-press, ii, 427 ff.
Navagero, Andrea, appointed censor for the literature of the Humanities, ii, 356
Néobar, (or Neobarius), Conrad, appointed royal printer in Greek, ii, 33, 42, 448
Neri, S. Philip, ii, 97
Neudorffer, J., ii, 150
Nevelo, works of penance in the scriptorium, i, [70]
New Testament, the paraphrase of, by Erasmus, ii, 207
Niccoli, Niccolo de’, funeral oration upon, i, [240]; bequeaths books to Florence, i, [240]
Niceron, ii, 46
Nicholas, l’Anglois, bookseller and tavern-keeper in Paris, in the fourteenth century, i, [272]
—— of Breslau, printer and engraver of Florence, i, [458]
—— V., Pope, i, [329] ff.
Nicholson, John, ii, 142
Niclaes, ii, 266
Nicolai, publisher of Berlin, ii, 417
Niedermünster, the nuns of, famed as scribes, i, [54]
Noailles, Cardinal de, ii, 462
Nordlingen Fair, the book-trade of, i, [283]; first sale of printed books in the, i, [287]
Normans, ravages of, in the Benedictine monasteries, i, [132]; piracies of the, i, [231]
Notker, of St. Gall, writes to the Bishop of Sitten, i, [39], [229]
Novantula, monastery of, burned by the Hungarians, i, [132]; the manuscripts of, i, [131]
Numeister, printer of Mayence and of Foligno, i, [456]
Nuns as scribes, i, [51-55]
Nuremberg, the printer-publishers of, i, [397] ff.; and the writings of Luther, ii, 236; piracy editions issued in, ii, 236; edict of, ii, 242; censorship in, ii, 243
O
Obscene literature and the papal censorship, i, [333]
Odo, Abbot of Clugni, i, [129]
——, Abbot of Tournai, i, [67], [77]
Œcolampadius, ii, 23
Offa, King, gives a Bible to the church at Worcester, i, [97]
Olbert, Abbot of Gembloux, i, [97]; transcribes the Old and the New Testaments, i, [98]
Old Testament, Luther’s version of the, ii, 233
Olivier, librarius of Paris, schedule of his book sales, i, [274]
Omons, work of, entitled The Picture of the World, i, [142]
Origen, Saint, literary work of, i, [32]; the library of, in Cesarea, i, [147]; requires the service of scribes, i, [228]
Orleans, literary interests of the dukes of, i, [268]
Orosius, a manuscript of, i, [43], [226]
Orphanage, publishing concern of Halle, ii, 425
Össler, Jacob, appointed imperial supervisor of literature, ii, 419
Othlo of Tegernsee, his work as a scribe, i, [64]
Othlonus, a scribe of S. Emmeram, i, [78], [79]. (Same as Othlo.)
Othmar, Sylvan, publisher for Luther, ii, 229
Oxford, the University of, i, [181]; early purchases of books for the libraries of, i, [306]; early printing in, ii, 134 ff.; first printers of, ii, 137
Ozanam, La Civilisation Chrétienne cited, i, [36] ff.
P
Padua, the University of, i, [181], [421], ii, 348; regulations of the University of, concerning the book-trade, i, [188], [193]; commissioners of the University of, appointed censors of Venetian publications, ii, 362 ff.
Paedts, Jean, ii, 294
Palencia, the University of, i, [196]
Pallavicini, Cardinal, ii, 388
Palm, publisher, shot by order of Napoleon, ii, 427
Pannartz, Arnold, printer of Subiaco and of Rome, i, [405]
Panthoul, Macé, bookseller and paper-maker of Troyes, i, [276]
Panzer, ii, 12
Papacy, claim of the, to the supervision of books in Venice, ii, 355 ff.
Paper, first manufactured from rags, i, [409]
Paper-makers, relations of, with the early publishers, i, [237]
Paper-making in Italy, i, [409]
Paper manufacturers, the earlier work of, in France, i, [266]; protected by University privileges, i, [266]
Papyrus, latest use of, i, [43], [44]
Paradise Lost, agreement for the publication of, ii, 147
Paravisinus, printer of Milan, i, [447]
Parchment, the scarcity of, i, [70]; used for palimpsests, i, [72]; regulations for the sale of, in Paris, i, [204]; costliness of, in the 14th and 15th centuries, i, [332]
Parchment-dealers in Paris, regulations concerning, i, [265]
Parentucelli, Tommaso, (Pope Nicholas V.), founds the Vatican Library, i, [329]
Paris, Matthew, Chronicles of, i, [56], [69], [307]; writes Lives of the Two Offas and the Chronicles, i, [105]
——, city of, in 1600, ii, 95; scribes of, i, [41]; instructions of the Council of, concerning the lending of books, by the monasteries, i, [138]; printed books first sold in, ii, 5; relations of the Elzevirs with, ii, 303 ff.
——, the University of, i, [51], [181]; foundation and constitution of the, i, [197] ff.; regulations of, concerning the early book-trade, i, [201] ff.; the earlier scribes in, i, [256]; students of, 1524, ii, 28; censures the writings of Erasmus, ii, 210; publishes an Index Expurgatorius, ii, 373; relations of, to censorship of the Press, ii, 439 ff.
Parliament of Paris, relations of the, to the censorship of the Press, ii, 440 ff., 470 ff.; contests of, with the Crown, ii, 441; suppression of, ii, 441; relations of, with the book-trade, ii, 442
Parrhasius, Janus, institutes the library of S. Giovanni, i, [146]
Paruta, contentions of, against the Clementine Index, ii, 377 ff.
Pasqualigo, ii, 370
Passau, the library of, i, [228]
Patronage provides compensation for Italian writers, i, [334]
Pattison, Mark, ii, 27, 85 ff.; analysis by, of the literary influence of Italy, France, Holland, and Germany, i, [346]
Paul, Abbot of St. Albans, i, [69]
—— III., ii, 29
—— IV., issues an Index, ii, 374
Paula, Saint, writes Hebrew and Greek, i, 51; assists S. Jerome in his writing, i, [51]
Paulsen, characterises the instruction in the mediæval universities, i, [223]
Pavia, the University of, i, [183]
Peasants, the war of the, ii, 250
Pecia, definition of, i, [186]
Peciarii, functions of, i, [187]
Pedlars, regulations limiting the book-trade of, i, [213]; as dealers in books, i, [232]
Pellican, Conrad, ii, 232
Penalties for literary piracies in Venice, ii, 352
Pentateuch, the, printed in Constantinople, ii, 260
Penzi, Jacomo di, of Lecco, ii, 353
Permit for publication, earliest record of, ii, 439
Perugia, the early manuscript-dealers of, i, [249]
Peter of Blois, describes the manuscript collections of Paris, i, [256]
—— of Celle, borrows books from S. Bernard, i, [143]
—— the Venerable, Abbot of Clugni, i, [130]; makes translation of the Koran, i, [145]; correspondence of, i, [144], [145]; orders books from Aquitaine, i, [144]
—— of Bacharach, writes a Schwabenspiegel, i, [41]
—— of Ravenna, ii, 439, 488
Peterborough, the abbey of, burned by the Danes, i, [132]
Petrarch, appreciative reference of, to Aretinus, i, [246]; the influence of, in behalf of the study of Greek, i, [323]; as a collector of manuscripts, i, [324]; script of, used as model for the type founders, i, [324]
Petri, Adam, of Basel, ii, 223, 225, 228
——, Heinrich, printer-publisher, of Basel, knighted by Charles V., i, [395]; sends books to Casaubon, ii, 90
Pez, the Chronicles of, cited, i, [39] ff.
Phalaris, the Letters of, ii, 351
Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, a collector of books, i, [273]; purchases manuscripts, shirts, hats, and more manuscripts, i, [274], [275]
—— the Fair of Burgundy, regulations of, concerning manuscript-dealers, i, [263]; and the Parliament of Paris, ii, 441
—— the Good of Burgundy, ii, 105
—— II., of Spain, gives charter to the Milan printers’ guild, i, [451]; ii, 265, 284, 272; refuses to accept the Tridentine Index, ii, 382; and the Papal censorship, ii, 388
—— III. confirms the monopoly of the Milan printers’ guild, i, [454]
Philobiblon, of de Bury, cited, i, [308] ff.
Piacenza, the University of, i, [183]
Pio, Albert, Prince of Carpi, treatise of, against Erasmus, ii, 445
Piracies, literary, regulations in Basel concerning, ii, 412
Pirckheimer, translator of the Geography of Ptolemy, i, [385] ff.; ii, 151, 174, 165, 167
Pius IV., Pope, calls Paul Manutius to Rome, i, [440]
—— V., institutes the Congregation of the Index, ii, 377; relations of, with Paul Manutius, i, [442] ff.
Plantin, the House of, ii, 255 ff.; publications of, ii, 259 ff.
——, Christopher, ii, 255 ff.; the Press of, ii, 76; relations of with Leyden, ii, 294; the Bible of, ii, 334
—— Museum, the, ii, 283
Plantinerus, purchasing agent for manuscripts, i, [242]
Plater, Thomas, ii, 238
Poggio, funeral oration of, upon Niccoli, i, [240]; translates the Cyropaedia, i, [329]
Poliziano, the writings of, i, [340]
Polliot, Etienne, ii, 449
Pontchartrain, Chancellor of France, ii, 460 ff.
Porson, ii, 37
Prague, the University of, i, [181]; regulations for the copyists in the University of, i, [220]; bookdealers in the University of, i, [278]
Praise of Folly, the first edition of, ii, 194
Pratt, William, mercer and manuscript-dealer, i, [313]; friend of Caxton, ii, 119, 123
Prayer-book, first printed in England, ii, 142
Premonstratensians, the regulations of, for the care of books, i, [148]
Press, the freedom of, in Venice, ii, 404
Press-correctors, in the 16th century, ii, 165
Preston, Thomas, the writings of, ii, 386
Prices of Plantin’s publications, ii, 279
Printers, early, in France, ii, 3 ff.; of Paris, regulations for, in 1581, ii, 453 ff.
Printers’ Guild, of Venice, the, and Press legislation, ii, 394 ff.
Printing, the invention of, i, [348] ff.; in France, ii, 3 ff.; in Germany, begun for the benefit of the middle classes, i, [363]; in Germany, initiated without the aid of princes, universities, or ecclesiastics, i, [378]
Printing undertakings, in Florence, Bologna, Milan, Rome, and Venice, up to 1500, i, [327]
Printing-press, service of the, for the Reformation, ii, 218; in France, regulations for the control of, ii, 437 ff.
Printing-presses, in Venice, at the close of the 16th century, ii, 367; reduction in the number of, under the papal censorship, ii, 384
Privileges, in England, ii, 465 ff., 468 ff.; and regulations in Germany, ii, 407 ff.; imperial, in Germany, ii, 416 ff.; in Holland, ii, 332; and censorship in Italy, ii, 343 ff.; the terms of, in Venice, ii, 350 ff.; summary of, in Venice, ii, 486
Probi Vita, cited, i, [9]
Procopius, history of the campaign of Belisarius, i, [20]
Property in literature, summary of the diverse theories concerning, ii, 507 ff.
Protestant tracts, distribution of, in Germany, ii, 249
Proto-typographer, the, of the Netherlands, ii, 272 ff.
Prussia, book production in, ii, 425; earlier legislation of, in regard to copyright, ii, 506
Publishers and printers in Paris, the guild of, ii, 453 ff.
Publishing, by subscription in England, ii, 436; methods in Germany, the earlier, i, [429] ff.; in Venice, burdens upon, in the 17th century, ii, 393
Puteanus, ii, 309
Pütter, concerning privileges in Germany, ii, 415
Pynson, Richard, King’s printer, ii, 133, 138, 467
R
Rabanus, M., treatise by, De Instituto Clericorum, i, [116]
Rabelais, a student in Montpellier, i, [196]
Radegonde, Saint, i, [51]
Radewijus, Florentius, i, [89]
Rahn, Die Künste in der Schweiz, cited, i, [43] ff.
Raphelengius, ii, 282 ff., 294
Rapond, Dyne, banker and book-seller, i, [274] ff.
Ratdolt, printer-publisher of Augsburg, ii, 396
Rauchler, Johann, first Rector of Tübingen High School, i, [369]
Ravenna, Peter of, ii, 345
Reading aloud at meals, i, [69]
Reculfus, Bishop of Soissons, the Constitutions of, i, [117]
Reformation, the, influence of, upon the literary activities of Germany, i, [224]; literature of, sold under prohibitory regulations, i, [399]; literature of, printed in Leipzig and in Wittenberg, i, [401]; influence of, on the production of literature, ii, 26 ff.; the influence of, on publishing in Germany, ii, 152; an intellectual revolution, ii, 217
Regino, Abbot of Prüm, i, [57]
Reinhart, Johann, an early printer of popular literature, i, [384] ff.
Renaissance, the, as the forerunner of the printing-press, i, [317] ff.
Renilde, Abbess, skilled as a scribe, i, [53]
Reno, Guillaume de, i, [85]
Resbacense, catalogue of the library in monastery of, i, [128]
Resch, publisher of Paris, ii, 442
Reuchlin, Johann, relations of with Aldus, i, [426] ff.; founder of Greek studies in Germany, i, [429]; appointed professor in Ingolstadt, i, [429]; ii, 172, 202, 226, 237
Rhaw, George, publisher for Luther, ii, 231
Rhenanus, Beatus, writes introduction for the works of Erasmus, i, [435]; as corrector for Henry Estienne (the elder), ii, 21; on Froben, ii, 188; writes to Erasmus, ii, 232; death of, ii, 45
Rhenish-Celtic Society, ii, 414
Richard II., ii, 117
—— de Bury, on the Mendicant Friars, i, [148]
—— of Wedinghausen, the preservation of his writing hand, i, [65]
Richelieu, institutes the French Academy, ii, 458
Richer, French chronicler, i, [56]
Rifformatori, the, of Venice, ii, 367; regulations of, in 1767, concerning the book-trade, ii, 397
Riquier, Saint, books possessed by the monks of, i, [97]
Rivers, Earl, ii, 103, 122
Rivington, the House of, ii, 335
—— Charles, ii, 335
Robertson, quotes Montfaucon erroneously, i, [72]; inaccurate statements of, concerning the prices of books in the Middle Ages, i, [135]; misquotes Muratori concerning monastery collection of books, i, [138]
Rochelle, publishing operations in, ii, 452
Rodolphus of Fulda, i, [57]
Roger of Wendover, historiographer of St. Albans, i, [104]; Chronicles of, i, [56], [104] ff., [307]
Rogers, J. E. Thorold, on early bookselling in England, i, [306]
Rolewinck, the Outline History of the World by, i, [368]
Romana Littera, definition of, i, [227]
Romance writing in England in the 14th and 15th centuries, i, [303] ff.
Romans, church of (in Dauphiny), destroyed six times, i, [133]
Rome, as a book market in the seventh century, i, [226]
Rood, Theodore, printer of Oxford, i, [242]; ii, 137
Rooses, Max, ii, 256
Rouen, the manuscript-dealers of, i, [270]
Royal privileges in England, ii, 468 ff.
Royes, Joseph, ii, 140
Rufus, Mutianus, letter of, concerning the interference of war with literature, i, [431]
Rühel and Sulfisch secure a privilege for Luther’s Bible, ii, 235
Rule of S. Benedict, the original MSS. destroyed in the monastery of Teano, i, [133]
Ruppel, Berthold, first printer of Basel, i, [392]
Rusch, Adolph, printer-publisher and paper-dealer, i, [384]
S
Sabellico, Antonio, ii, 345, 488
Sachs, Hans, ii, 243 ff.
Sachsenspiegel, early editions of the, i, [392]
St. Albans, literary work in the monastery of, i, [69]; the abbey of, i, [102]; the scriptorium and library of, i, [102]; the Chronicles of, i, [104]; printing in, ii, 137; The Book of, ii, 138
St. Gall, monastery of, i, [40]; work of the nuns of, i, [55]; curious inscription in a manuscript of, i, [73]; the abbey of, i, [125]; decadence in monastery of, during the 13th century, i, [84]
Salamanca, the monastery of, i, [196]
Salerno, the school of, i, [182]
Sallengre, M. de, ii, 72
Salmasius (Saumaise).
Sanuto, Marino, ii, 357
Saracens, destroy monasteries in Italy, i, [132]
Sarpi, Fra Paolo, ii, 372 ff.; and the interdict, ii, 384; formulates the scheme of a legitimate Index, ii, 389
Saumaise (Salmasius), ii, 315 ff.
Saxony, censorship in, ii, 244
Saxon literature, early, i, [91]
Scævola, ii, 56
Scaliger, ii, 64 ff., 304
Scapula, Joannes, plagiarist, ii, 81
Schedd, the Chronicle of, ii, 171
Scheffel’s, Der treue Ekkehart, i, [127]
Schöffer, Peter, printer, admitted as a citizen in Frankfort, i, [288], [359]; employed by Gutenberg, i, [372]; taken into partnership by Fust, i, [373]; Impressor Librorum, i, [375]; appointed agent for the University of Paris, i, [376]; suit of, against Inkus, i, [376]; summary of the publishing undertakings of, i, [378] ff.; establishes an agency in Paris, ii, 7, 178
Schönsperger, publisher of Augsburg, ii, 225, 229
Schools, the earlier monastery, i, [106]
Schoolbooks in manuscript, prices of, i, [284], [286]; prices of, in North Germany, in the 15th century, i, [300]
Schott, Johann, imperial privilege secured by, ii, 414
Schürer, printer of Strasburg, ii, 200
Schurmann, opinion of, concerning the imperial control of literature, ii, 417
Schweinheim, printer of Subiaco and of Rome, i, [405]
Scolar, Johannes, ii, 137
Scott’s Elizabethan Translations from the Italian, cited, ii, 144
Scotus, Erigena, appointed master of the palace school at Tours, i, [116]
Scribes, of African and Eastern monasteries, i, [33]; monastic privileges of, i, [69]; licensed for German towns, i, [294] ff.; of Germany, carry on their work in the porches of the churches and cathedrals, i, [295]
Scrimger, Henry, ii, 68
Scripta notaria, i, [43]
Scriptorium, the consecration of the, i, [61]; form of benediction for, i, [76]
Seanachies, an order of Celtic bards, i, [49]
Séguier, Chancellor of France, ii, 457
Selden, the Mare Clausum of, ii, 308
Senate, the Venetian, takes action to protect the printing-press, ii, 391
Seneca, maxim of, i, [195]
Senis, Guidomarus de, librarius and poet, i, [273]
Sens, Council of, ii, 22
Sensenschmid of Eger, ii, 150
Servetus, ii, 52, 54
Sforza, Francesco, i, [337]
Shakespeare’s plays, sources of certain of the plots of, ii, 145
Shakespeare, published works of, ii, 146
Scheurl, writes to Campeggi, ii, 246
Ship of Fools, the, first English edition of, ii, 139
Sidney, Sir Philip, ii, 84
Sidonius, Caius Sollius Apollinaris, i, [5], [6], [7]
Sigismund, John, ii, 425
Silvius, Æneas, the Europa of, i, [281]
——, William, ii, 287, 294 ff.
Simler, Josias, ii, 376
Simmons, Samuel, ii, 147
Simon, Abbot of St. Albans, i, [103]
Sintram, noteworthy as a copyist, i, [126]
Sisebut, King, pupil of Isidore, i, [36]
Sithiu, the monks of, secure from Charlemagne hunting privileges, i, [124]
Sixtus V., and the Tridentine Index, ii, 377
Slovenic versions of the writings of the Reformers, ii, 230
Soardi, publisher of Venice, ii, 354
Socinus, Lelius, and Faustus, ii, 52, 53
Solomon, Abbot of St. Gall, the vocabulary of, i, [126]
Somerset, Duchess of, ii, 127
Soncino, the first Hebrew Bible printed in, i, [459]
Sorbonne, college of the, the foundation of, i, [216]; the special functions of, i, [217]; the Doctors of the, ii, 19 ff., 47 ff.; Theological Faculty of, ii, 29 ff.; relations of the, with Robert Estienne, ii, 49 ff.
Sorg, printer-publisher of Augsburg, i, [396]
Southampton, Earl of, ii, 146
Spain, monasteries in, destroyed by the Moors, i, [132]; the early universities of, i, [196]; activity of the Moorish scholars in, i, [253] ff.; manuscript-dealers of, in the fifteenth century, i, [313]
Spalatin, librarian of the Elector of Saxony, i, [432]
Spalato, Archbishop of, ii, 388
“Spanish Fury,” the, ii, 273
Speculum Humanæ Salvationis, i, [352]
Spengler, Syndic of Nuremberg, ii, 237
Speyer, John of, and the writings of Luther, ii, 246, 344
Spiegel, Jacob, supervisor of literature, ii, 420
Spottswood, ii, 96
Stab, Johann, secures an imperial privilege, ii, 419
Stadius, John, imperial privilege secured by, ii, 414
Stadtschreiber, licensed for the cities of North Germany, i, [283]
Star-Chamber, the, relations of, to the supervision of the Press, ii, 470
Stathoen, Herman von, librarius of Paris, i, [270]
Stationarii, i, [10]; first use of the term, i, [184] ff.; of the German universities, i, [220]; of Paris, regulations concerning, i, [260] ff.; status of, in Oxford, i, [310] ff.
Stationarii peciarum, functions of, i, [191]
Stationers’ Company, organisation of the, in England, i, [219]; charter granted to, i, [219], [311]; ii, 365, 465 ff.; regulations of, ii, 469 ff.
Stationers’ Hall, the, of London, i, [311]
Stavelot, Johann of, work as a scribe, i, [87]
Stenzel, Thomas, historian, cited, i, [59]
Stephani (or Estiennes), ii, 15 ff.
Stephanus, Robertus, see [Estienne].
Stereotyping, date of invention of, ii, 329
Strasburg, library of the Cathedral of, i, [301]; an early publishing centre, i, [381]; and the writings of Luther, ii, 246
Strozzi, Palla degli, i, [327] ff.
Studia publica or generalia, i, [181]
Subiaco, the monastery of, i, [12]; the place of the first printing in Italy, i, [404]
Subscription method of publishing in England, ii, 435 ff.
Suger, Abbot, historian, i, [58]
Sully, ii, 96
Sylvester II., ii, 480
Symonds, J. A., The Renaissance in Italy, of, i, [319] ff.
T
Tacitus, important manuscript of, secured in Corvey, i, [301]
Tegernsee, the monks of, i, [39]; the monastery of, a place of book production, i, [86]
Terms used in scribe work, i, [42] ff.
Terracina, monopoly granted to, ii, 347
Testament, the New, edition by Erasmus, ii, 205 ff.; Lutheran version of, ii, 223 ff.
Text-books in manuscript, prices of, i, [286]
Thafar, Al-baghdádé, chief among Moorish scribes, i, [254]
Thausing, M., concerning the work of Dürer, ii, 409
Theodadad, King of the Goths, i, [20]
Theodoric, King of the Goths and the Romans, i, [9], [18]; his Arian faith, i, [18]; his toleration of the Athanasians due to Cassiodorus, i, [18]
Theodosius II., as a scribe, i, [42]
Theology, importance of the study of, in the University of Paris, i, [261]
Theses, the ninety-five, ii, 222
Thirty Years’ War, the, ii, 290 ff.; influence of, on literary production, ii, 498
Thomaïtes, the Patriarch’s library in, i, [146]
Thomson’s Seasons, ii, 472
Thurot, citation from, concerning methods of instruction in the Middle Ages, i, [216]
Tilly, ii, 248
Tiphernas, ii, 23
Tiraboschi, i, [183]
Tischendorf, Testament MSS. discovered by, i, [146]
Tissard, Francis, furthers the study of Greek in Paris, ii, 10
Tonson, Jacob, ii, 148
Torquemada, see [Turrecremata]
——, Tomas, Inquisitor-General, i, [404]
Torresano, father-in-law of Aldus, buys printing plant from Jenson, i, [411]; unites his printing concern with that of Aldus, i, [420]; takes over the business of Aldus, i, [438]
Toulouse, Press of, ii, 92
Tousé, Guillaume, publisher of Paris, sends out travellers, i, [218]
Towton, battle of, ii, 116
Traversari, Ambrosio, makes reference to the book-shops of Florence, i, [235]
Trevers, printer of London, ii, 468
Tridentine Index, the, ii, 375 ff.
Trithemius (Johann Trittenheim), Abbot of Sponheim, i, [21], [22]; cited, i, [71]; rebukes his monks, i, [73] ff.; writes De Laude Scriptorum, i, [88], [359], [366]
Truber, Primus, ii, 229
Trutwetter, ii, 238
Tübingen, as a publishing centre, ii, 229 ff.
Turrecremata, Juan, Cardinal, introduces printing into Italy, i, [404]; invites to Rome Hahn, printer, of Ingolstadt, i, [406]
Tyndale, William, ii, 140
Type, fonts of, used by the earlier Italian printers, i, [412]; style of, used by the Kobergers, ii, 164
U
Ulfilas, ii, 306
Ulm, the magistracy of, protects the contracts of Schöffer, i, [377]; the early printers of, i, [397]
Ulpian Library, in Rome, i, [8], [9]
Ulrich III., Abbot of Michelsberg, i, [85]
Ungnad, the Freiherr of, ii, 230
University, definition of the term, i, [181]; the term defined by Malden, i, [199]
—— of Paris, controls the book-trade of the city, i, [214]; regulations of, concerning book-dealers, i, [263] ff.; publishes an Index Expurgatorius, ii, 373
Universities, early, influence of the, upon the education of the monasteries, i, [85]; the making of books in the, i, [178] ff.; the historians of the, i, [180]; of Europe, character of the membership of the earlier, i, [221]; of France, members of, exempted from taxes, etc., i, [199]; of Germany, the earlier text-books of, i, [220]; of Spain, i, [196]
Unkel, Bartholomäus, prints in Low German, the Sachsenspiegel, i, [388]
Urbanus orders books from Aldus, i, [425]
Urbino, the ducal library of, i, [366]
V
Valdarfer, prints the first edition of the Decameron in Florence, i, [325]; printer of Milan, i, [447]
Valla, Laurentius (or Lorenzo), exposes the fraudulent character of the Donation of Constantine, i, [83], [331]; ii, 227; writings of, printed in Paris, ii, 10, 203; compensation paid to, i, [329]; literary controversies of, i, [332] ff.
Valladolid, the Index of, ii, 270
Vandals, besiege Hippo, i, [4]
Van Dyck, Anthony, ii, 307
——, Christophe, ii, 307
Van Praet, ii, 108
Vascosanus, ii, 25
Vatablus, ii, 36, 45
Vavasseur, ii, 72
Venice, relations of, to the manuscript-trade, i, [234], [242]; development of the manuscript-trade of, i, [242], [243]; the academy of, i, [345]; takes the lead in the printing undertakings of Italy, i, [407] ff.; the Senate of, prohibits the exportation of rags, i, [409]; facilities of, as a centre of trade, and for publishing undertakings, i, [409] ff.; the wars of, i, [420]; Protectionist policy of, ii, 347; earliest legislation in, concerning literature, ii, 359 ff.; relations of, with Germany, ii, 376; requirements for the matriculation of booksellers of, ii, 396
Venetian book-trade, last contests of, with Rome, ii, 401 ff.
Vérard, Anthony, printer in Paris, ii, 8
Vercelli, the University of, i, [183]; early regulations in University of, concerning the book-trade, i, [188]
Vere, the Lady of, ii, 197
Vergetius, ii, 42
Verlags- und Drück-Privilegien, ii, 426
Verona, the manuscript-trade of, i, [228]; the manuscript-dealers of, i, [246]
Vespasiano, author, dealer in manuscripts, book collector and librarian, i, [235], [247] ff., [341] ff., [365]
Victorius, Petrus, ii, 67 ff.
Vidouvé, ii, 23
Vienna, regulations for the copyists in the University of, i, [220]; book-trade in the University of, i, [279]; the Cathedral of S. Stephen in, a centre of the book-trade, i, [283]
Viliaric, a Gothic scribe, i, [43]; an antiquarius, i, [245]
Virgil, an Italian conjurer, i, [143]
Visconti, Filippo Maria, i, [335]
——, Galeazzo, i, [183]
Visigoths, code of laws of, i, [225]
Vitalis, Ordericus, Chronicles of, i, [56], [60], [307]
Vitensis, Victor, cited, i, [3]
Vitet, concerning the Press in France in the sixteenth century, ii, 450
Vivaria, or Viviers, monastery of, founded, i, [10]
Voyage Littéraire de Deux Religieux Benedictins, i, [131]
Vüc, Joorquin de, bookseller to Duke Philip of Burgundy, i, [289]
Vycey, Thomas, earliest stationarius recorded in London, i, [312]
W
Waldorfer, see [Valdarfer]
Wandrille, Saint, Chronicles of the monastery of, i, [227]
Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury, ii, 215
Warton, describes the library of the Abbey of Gembloux, i, [97]
Wattenbach, Das Schriftwesen, etc., cited, i, [38] ff.
Wearmouth, library collected for the monastery of, i, [95]
Weissenburger, Johann, publisher for Luther, ii, 221
Wendover, Roger of, see under [Roger].
Wenzel, King of Bohemia, buys books in Paris, i, [218], [261]
Westminster, Caxton’s printing-office at, ii, 113
White, Andrew, ii, 147
Wilfred, Saint, institutes the Benedictine monasteries, organises monastic schools, initiates instruction in music, i, [94]
Willems, Alphonse, ii, 286
Willer, bookseller of Augsburg, prints the first classified catalogue known to the German book-trade, i, [397]
William, Abbot of Hirschau, i, [70], [71]; defends the cause of the Pope against the Emperor, i, [82]
Wimpfeling, Jacob, on the intellectual supremacy of the Germans, ii, 162, 168
Windelin, secures a monopoly of printing in Venice, i, [408]
Windesheim, the nuns of, producers of books, i, [90]
Wipo, the Tetralogus of, i, [225]
Witigis, defeated by Belisarius, i, [20]
Wittenberg as a publishing centre, ii, 233, 248
Wittikind, of Corvey, i, [58]
Wittwer, Wilhelm, the catalogue of, i, [87]
Wohlrabe, prints in Leipzig piracy editions of Lutheran literature, i, [402]
Wolf, publisher of Basel, ii, 225
Wolff von Prunow, Bibliopola of Heidelberg, i, [289]
Women as book-dealers in Paris, i, [211]
Women medical students in Salerno, i, [182]
Worde, Wynken de, ii, 125, 133 ff., 468 ff.
Worms, the Diet of, ii, 266; Edict of, ii, 241
Wright, Thomas, on the early English romances, i, [305]
Wulfstan, Bishop of York, sermons of, i, [101]
X
Xylography, i, [350]
Y
York Cathedral, the library of, i, [108]
York-Powell, and Vigfusson, Corpus Poeticum Boreale, of, i, [92]
Z
Zainer, printer of Augsburg, i, [396]
Zane, Archbishop of Spalato, ii, 354
Zarotus, printer of Milan, i, [447]
Zasius, Ulrich, i, [173], 174; ii, 432
Zell, Matthäus, ii, 246
——, Ulrich, the first printer of Cologne, i, [292], [359], [387]; ii, 109, 110, 136
Zeno, libraire of Paris in the fourteenth century, schedule of his books, i, [271]
Ziegelbauer, Observationes Literariæ S. Benedicti of, i, [122]; statistics of, concerning the monastery libraries, i, [135]
Zink, Burkard, scribe of Augsburg, i, [41]
Zosimus, Pope, the canons of, i, [116]
Zurich, early printers of, i, [396]
Zwingli, publishing arrangements of, i, [396]; friend of Zasius, ii, 174; letters of, to Rhenanus, ii, 185 ff., 253