[227] Philosophical Transactions, 1799, p. 40.

[228] See Bingley, loc. cit., vol. i., pp. 148-51.

[229] Hist. Nat., viii., 5.

[230] For these and other cases of vindictiveness, see Bingley, loc. cit., vol. i., pp. 156-8.

[231] Memoirs, vol. i., p. 448.

[232] Zoological Recreations, p. 315.

[233] Animal Biography, i., pp. 156-8.

[234] Anecdotes of Animals, p. 276.

[235] Habits and Instincts of Animals, p. 37.

[236] Reasoning Power of Animals, chap. iv.