[23] Wallace, Island Life, pp. 271-2.

[24] Wallace, Island Life, p. 287.

[25] Wallace, Island Life, p. 287.

[26] For quotations, see Note A.

[27] Whewell, Indications of the Creator, 2nd ed., 1846.

[28] De Blainville, Compte Rendu, 1837.

[29] Whewell, ibid., p. 162.

[30] For cases, see Animal Intelligence, in the chapters on Ants and Bees; and, for discussion of principles, Mental Evolution in Animals, in the chapters on Instinct.

[31] Prince Kropotkin in the Nineteenth Century (Feb. 1888, Apr. 1891) has adduced a large and interesting body of facts, showing the great prevalence of the principle of co-operation in organic nature.

[32] Darwinism, pp. 218 and 227.