20. All the trees in the park make a thick shade; this is one of them, therefore this tree makes a thick shade.
21. Italy is a Catholic country and abounds in beggars; France is also a Catholic country, and therefore abounds in beggars.
22. Pitt was not a great and useful minister; for though he would have been so had he carried out Adam Smith's doctrines of free trade, he did not carry out those doctrines.
23. All criminal actions ought to be punished by law. Prosecutions for theft are criminal actions, and therefore ought to be punished by law.
24. Books are a source both of instruction and of amusement; a table of logarithms is a book; therefore it is a source both of instruction and of amusement.
B. On each of the following arguments from authority write a paragraph that will weaken its effect:—
1. "The Senate for more than a century has demonstrated the wisdom of the mode of its constitution." Senator G. F. Hoar.
2. "Mine disasters are largely due to the intoxication of miners, or to carelessness caused by the after effects of a 'spree,'" says Dr. Jesse K. Johnson, superintendent of one of the largest mines in the Pittsburg district.
3. Both Mark Hanna and Grover Cleveland have stated that a six year Presidential term would be of great benefit to the United States.
4. Senator La Follet, who has made a thorough study of many of the principal monopolies in the country, states that the Standard Oil trust charges exorbitant rates.