b. It would admit only those who, by reason of their
education, small though it may be, have had the
chance to study somewhat their home governments. (N.
S. Shaler, Ibid.)
E. The educational test would tend to raise the standards of
American labor, for
1. It would cut down competition, since
a. It would shut out many laborers, for
1'. Most of those affected by this test would be common laborers.
b. It would tend to equalize the rate of wages, because
1'. Immigrants would not be willing to work for lower wages, for
a'. The slums being gone, they would need more money for existence.
2. It would aid the independence of American labor, for
a. Immigrants would no longer be so reluctant to cooperate with American laborers for protection, for