Handbook of Railroad Construction; For the use of American engineers. / Containing the necessary rules, tables, and formulæ for the location, construction, equipment, and management of railroads, as built in the United States.

by George L. Vose

P s = G′² × H
G + G′.

And, second, when the ram does not remain upon the pile,

P s =(G′
G + G′)² × GH

Example.—A pile weighing five hundred lbs. is driven two feet, by forty blows of a 1,000 lbs. ram falling six feet. Required the weight which may be safely supported by the pile without further penetration.

The notation in the formula above is thus,

G = the weight of the pile.

G′ = the weight of the ram.

H = the fall of the ram.

s = penetration per blow.

P = the weight in lbs.