| Cylinders, | ¾ × 2 inches, | |
| Wheels, | 9½ inches, | |
| and | Weight, | 10 lbs. |
This little engine, however, accomplished the speed of ten miles per hour.
296. In 1802, Richard Trevethick patented the application of the non-condensing steam-engine to the propelling of carriages on railroads; his engine was fitted with one horizontal cylinder, which applied its power to the wheels by means of spur gear.
297. In 1825, the truck was first applied, to relieve the driving wheels of a part of the weight, and to enable the engine to pass freely around curves.
298. In 1827, Timothy Hackworth applied the blast pipe, for the purpose of draft. He applied, also, spring balances to the safety-valves, and used the waste steam to heat the feed water. This engine drew one hundred tons, at five miles per hour, and forty-five tons on a fifty feet grade.
299. In 1828, M. Seguin (France) introduced the multitubular boiler.
300. In 1829, the directors of the Liverpool and Manchester Railroad offered a premium for the best locomotive, which should draw three times its own weight, at ten miles miles per hour. The “Rocket,” by Robert Stephenson, of Newcastle on Tyne, was the successful competitor, and drew the load required, seventy miles, at an average speed of 13.8 miles per hour; its maximum velocity was twenty-nine miles per hour; it evaporated 5.4 lbs. of water per pound of coke, and 18.24 cubic feet per hour of water.
301. From 1830 to 1840, the changes that were made were rather those of dimension, proportion, and arrangement, than of essential elements of steam producing.
302. In 1840, several truck frame engines were sent to England from the Norris Works of Philadelphia. These locomotives would draw a load of one hundred and twenty tons over a sixteen feet grade, at the rate of twenty miles per hour.
303. In 1845, the Great Western Railroad, of England, was supplied with an engine of twenty-two tons weight, having cylinders 15¾ × 18, wheels 7 feet, heating surface 829 square feet. This locomotive carried seventy-six and one half tons at a velocity of fifty-nine miles per hour. The consumption of coke was 35.3 lbs. per mile, and of water, 201.5 cubic feet per hour.