Noun.Wrong seldom prospers.
Adjective.You have taken the wrong road.
Adverb.Edward often spells words wrong.
Verb.You wrong me by your suspicions.
Noun.The outside of the castle is gloomy.
Adjective.We have an outside stateroom.
Adverb.The messenger is waiting outside.
Preposition.I shall ride outside the coach.
Adjective.That boat is a sloop.
Pronoun.That is my uncle.
Conjunction.You said that you would help me.
Adjective.Neither road leads to Utica.
Pronoun.Neither of us arrived in time.
Conjunction.Neither Tom nor I was late.
Preposition.I am waiting for the train.
Conjunction.You have plenty of time, for the train is late.
Interjection.Hurrah! the battle is won.
Noun.I heard a loud hurrah.
Verb.The enemy flees. Our men hurrah.

INFINITIVES AND PARTICIPLES

26. Two classes of verb-forms illustrate in a striking way the fact that the same word may belong to different parts of speech; for they really belong to two different parts of speech at one and the same time. These are the infinitive (which is both verb and noun) and the participle (which is both verb and adjective).

27. Examples of the infinitive may be seen in the following sentences:

To struggle is clearly a noun, for (1) it is the subject of the sentence, and (2) the noun effort or exertion might be put in the place of to struggle. Similarly, the noun escape might be substituted for to escape; and, in the third sentence, regular exercise (a noun modified by an adjective) might be substituted for to exercise regularly.

But these three forms (to struggle, to escape, and to exercise) are also verbs, for they express action, and one of them (to exercise) is modified by an adverb (regularly). Such forms, therefore, are noun-forms of the verb. They are classed with verbs, and are called infinitives.

28. The infinitive is a verb-form which partakes of the nature of a noun. It is commonly preceded by the preposition to, which is called the sign of the infinitive.

29. The infinitive without to is used in a great variety of verb-phrases.