II. Compound Sentences
- Shakspere was born in 1564; he died in 1616. [Two coördinate clauses; no conjunction.]
- A rifle cracked, and the wolf fell dead. [Two clauses joined by the conjunction and.]
- You must hurry, or we shall lose the train. [Two clauses joined by or.]
- James Watt did not invent the steam engine, but he greatly improved it. [Two clauses joined by but.]
- Either you have neglected to write or your letter has failed to reach me. [Two clauses joined by either ... or.]
The following conjunctions may be used to join coördinate clauses: and (both ... and), or (either ... or), nor (neither ... nor), but, for.
III. Complex Sentences
Examples will be found in [§§ 48–50].
Clauses as Parts of Speech
47. Subordinate clauses, like phrases, are used as parts of speech. They serve as substitutes for nouns, for adjectives, or for adverbs.
1. A subordinate clause that is used as a noun is called a noun (or substantive) clause.
2. A subordinate clause that modifies a substantive is called an adjective clause.
3. A subordinate clause that serves as an adverbial modifier is called an adverbial clause.