[533]. (b.) Examples of stems in -ti-, with nominative -s (-x), genitive -tis, are:
| -ās, -ātis | Arpīnās, of Arpinum, and adjectives from other town names; optimātēs, good men and true, G. Pl. -ium, less often -um; penātēs, gods of the household store. |
| -es, -etis | Adjectives: hebes, dull; teres, cylindrical, Ab. -ī ([559]), no G. Pl., Ne. Pl. hebetia, teretia, late and rare; perpes, lasting through, Ab. perpetī, late only; praepes, swift-winged, Ab. -ī or -e, G. Pl. -um, no Ne. Pl. N. or Ac. |
| -ēs, -ētis | locuplēs, rich, adjective, Ab. usually -e of a person, -ī often of a thing, G. Pl. locuplētium, sometimes locuplētum, Ne. Pl. locuplētia once. |
| -īs, -ītis | līs, contention; dīs, rich, adjective, Ab. always -ī ([559]), Pl. G. -ium, once -um (Sen.), Ne. N. and Ac. -ia. Quirīs, Samnīs. |
| -ls, -ltis | puls, pottage, no G. Pl. ([430]). |
| -ns, -ntis | Masculines: dēns, tooth: fōns, fountain; pōns, bridge; mōns, mountain, N. once montis (Enn.); factors of twelve: sextāns, one sixth; quadrāns, triēns, dōdrāns, dēxtāns. Feminines: frōns, forehead; gēns, clan; mēns, mind. Present participles: as, regēns, guiding. Many adjectives: as, ingēns, gigantic, Ab. -ī ([559]); Vēiēns, of Vei; compounds of mēns: as, āmēns, out of one’s head; of dēns: as, tridēns, Ab. -ī, as substantive usually -e. |
| -eps, -ipitis | Adjective compounds of caput, head: anceps ([543]), two-headed, once older ancipēs (Plaut.); biceps, two-headed; triceps, three-headed; praeceps, head-first, old praecipēs (Plaut.; Enn.), Ab. -ī ([559]), no G. Pl., Ne. Pl. N. and Ac. -ia. |
| -rs, -rtis | Feminines: ars, art; cohors, cohort; fors, chance; mors, death; pars, part; sors, lot, N. twice sortis (Plaut.; Ter.). Adjectives: cōnsors, sharing, exsors, not sharing, no G. Pl.; expers, without part; iners, unskilled, sollers, all-skilled, Ne. Pl. N. and Ac. -ia. |
| -x, -ctis | nox, F., night; Ab. also noctū ([401]); an old adverb form is nox, nights. |
[534]. (a.) Stems in -bi-, with nominative -bs ([149]), genitive -bis, are:
trabs, F., beam, older N. trabēs (Enn.); plēbs, F., commons, N. sometimes plēps, for the older plēbēs ([603]), no Pl.; urbs, F., city.
[535]. (b.) Stems in -pi-, with nominative -ps, genitive -pis, are:
inops, poor, adjective, Ab. -ī ([559]), G. Pl. -um, no Ne. Pl. N. or Ac. ([430]); stirps, F. (M.), trunk.
[536]. Examples of stems in -li-, with nominative -l, genitive -lis, are:
| -al, -ālis | Neuters, originally adjective ([546]): animal, animal; bacchānal, shrine or feast of Bacchus; cervīcal, bolster; puteal, well-curb; toral, valance; tribūnal, tribunal; vectīgal, indirect tax. Only N. or Ac.: cubital, elbow-cushion; minūtal, minced-fish; capital, capitālia, death, capital crime. |
| -il, -ilis | vigil, wide-awake, adjective, Ab. -ī, as substantive -e ([561]), G. Pl. vigilum ([563]), no Ne. Pl. N. or Ac. ([430]). |
[537]. (a.) Examples of stems in -ri-, with nominative -r, genitive -ris, are:
| -ar, -āris | Neuters, originally adjective ([546]): calcar, spur; columbar, dove-cote; exemplar, pattern; lacūnar, panel-ceiling; pulvīnar, couch; subligar, tights; torcular, wine-press. |
| -ār, -aris | Adjectives: pār, equal; dispār, impār, unequal, for Ab., see [561]; G. Pl. -ium, Ne. Pl. N. and Ac. -ia; compār, co-mate, as substantive has G. Pl. -um. |
| -er, -eris | Adjectives: dēgener, degenerate, Ab. -ī ([559]), no Ne. Pl. N. or Ac. ([430]); ūber, fruitful, Ab. -ī, late -e, Ne. Pl. ūbera once only (Acc.). |
| -or, -oris | Adjectives: memor, remembering; immemor, forgetful, Ab. -ī ([559]), G. Pl. memorum ([636]) once only (Verg.), no Ne. Pl. N. or Ac. ([430]). |
| -or, -ōris | Adjective compounds of color: as, concolor, of like shade, discolor, of different shade, both with Ab. -ī only; versicolor, pied, Ab. -ī, rarely -e, Ne. Pl. N. and Ac. -ia; the G. Pl. of these words is not usual, but versicōlorum once. |