This suffix is attached to a root or to a form of the present stem after the manner of the perfect participle ([906]): as, nūntiātum, to report, nūntiātū, in reporting, stem nūntiātu-. Many of the commonest verbs have no supine: as, sum, , ferō; regō, emō, tegō; amō, dēleō, doceō, &c., &c.

[PRESENT PARTICIPLE.]

[901.] The present participle stem is formed by adding -nt- or -nti-, nominative -ns, to the present stem: as,

dāns, giving, stems dant-, danti-; regēns, capiēns; laudāns, monēns, audiēns.

[902.] The adjective sontem (accusative, no nominative), which was originally the participle of sum, has o before the suffix, and absēns and praesēns have e; the participle of has ē in the nominative singular, otherwise u, iēns, euntis, &c. n rarely drops before -s ([63]): as, LIBES (inscr.), exsultās (Enn.), animās (Lucr.).

[903.] Some adjectives which were originally present participles have no verb: as, clēmēns, merciful, ēlegāns, choice, ēvidēns, clear, frequēns, thick, petulāns, wanton, recēns, fresh, repēns, sudden, &c., &c. For potēns, powerful, see [922].

[FUTURE PARTICIPLE.]

[904.] The future participle suffix is -tūro-, nominative -tūrus, -tūra, -tūrum, which is often changed to -sūro-, nominative -sūrus, -sūra, -sūrum ([912]).

This suffix is added to a theme after the manner of the perfect participle ([906]): as, rēctūrus, going to guide; laudātūrus, going to praise.

[905.] Some future participles have a different formation from that of the perfect participle: as, mortuus, dead, moritūrus; see also in the dictionary arguō, fruor, orior, ruō, secō. And some verbs have two forms of the future participle: as, āgnōscō, īgnōscō, hauriō, iuvō, pariō. Some verbs which have no perfect participle have a future participle: as, acquiēscō, appāreō, ardeō, caleō, careō, doleō, ēsuriō, fugiō, haereō, incidō, iaceō, -nuō, parcō, rauciō, recidō, sonō, stō, valeō.