[Enlargement of the Simple Sentence.]
[1037.] The parts of the simple sentence may be enlarged by additions. The commonest enlargements of the subject and of the predicate are the following.
[1038.] I. The subject may be enlarged by the addition of attributes, appositives, or objects.
[1039.] (1.) An Attribute is an essential addition to a substantive, uniting with it as one idea. The attribute may be:
[1040.] (a.) Genitive of a substantive of different meaning, denoting the agent, possessor, or the like: as, metus hostium, fear of the enemy, i.e. which they feel. hostium castra, camp of the enemy.
[1041.] (b.) Genitive or ablative of a substantive with an adjective in agreement: as, puer sēdecim annōrum, a boy of sixteen years; bovēs mīrā speciē, kine of wondrous beauty.
[1042.] (c.) A noun in the same case, either an adjective or participle, or else a substantive used adjectively: as, pugna Cannēnsis, the battle of Cannae; cīvitātēs victae, the conquered communities; victor Rōmulus rēx, victorious king Romulus.
[1043.] (d.) A substantive in the accusative or ablative with a preposition: as, pugna ad Cannās, the battle near Cannae. vir sine metū, a man without fear ([1427]).
[1044.] An attribute is rarely attached immediately to a proper name: as, fortem Gyān, Gyas the brave. Q. Lūcānius, eiusdem ōrdinis, Lucanius, of the same rank. It is much oftener attached to a general word in apposition with the proper name: as, vir clārissimus, M. Crassus, the illustrious Crassus.