[1418.] Prepositions which accompany the ablative may be easily remembered in this order:
abs (ab, ā), cum, cōram, dē,
prae, prō, sine, ex (or ē).
[1419.] The ablative fīnī, as far as, is used in old Latin as a preposition with the ablative: as, osse fīnī, Pl. Men. 859, down to the bone. operītō terrā rādīcibus fīnī, Cato, RR. 28, 2, cover with loam the length of the roots. Also, as a real substantive, with a genitive ([1255]): as, ānsārum īnfimārum fīnī, Cato, RR. 113, 2, up to the bottom of the handles. Rarely fīne, and before the genitive: as, fīne genūs, O. 10, 537, as far as the knee.
[1420.] tenus, the length, was originally a substantive accusative ([1151]). From Cicero on, it is used as a preposition with the ablative, and standing after its case: as, Taurō tenus, D. 36, not further than Taurus. pectoribus tenus, L. 21, 54, 9, quite up to the breast. hāctenus, thus far, only thus far. Also, as a real substantive, with a genitive, usually a plural, mostly in verse ([1232]): as, labrōrum tenus, Lucr. 1, 940, the length of the lips, up to the lips. Cūmārum tenus, Cael. in Fam. 8, 1, 2, as far as Cumae.
[1421.] The adverbs palam, in presence of, procul, apart from, either near or far, simul, with, are rarely used in poetry and late prose as prepositions with the ablative. coram occurs but once as a preposition (inscriptional) before Cicero’s time. absque with the ablative occurs once each in Cicero and Quintilian; in Plautus and Terence only in a coordinate protasis ([1701]; [2110]).
[Prepositions used with the Accusative or the Ablative.]
[1422.] Two cases, the accusative and the ablative, are accompanied by the prepositions in, older endo, indu, into, in, sub, under, and super, over, on.
[1423.] (1.) in and sub accompany the accusative of the end of motion, the locative ablative of rest: as,
([a.]) in cūriam vēnimus, V. 4, 138, we went to the senate-house. in vincla coniectus est, V. 5, 17, he was put in irons. hīc pāgus eius exercitum sub iugum mīserat, 1, 12, 5, this canton had sent his army under the yoke. (b.) erimus in castrīs, Ph. 12, 28, we shall be in camp. viridī membra sub arbutō strātus, H. 1, 1, 21, stretched out—his limbs—all under an arbute green.