Cabral, Gonçalo Velho: in 1432 discovers the island Santa Maria in the Azores, [15]

Caliph of Cordova: is for a time the supreme authority in the Iberian peninsula, [6]

Caliph of Damascus: for a time is ruler of the Iberian peninsula, [6]

Cam, Diogo: in 1484 reaches the mouth of the Congo, [16]; in 1485 sets up a marble pillar on Cape Cross in latitude 22° S., ib.

Cape Blanco: in 1441 is reached by Nuno Tristão, [15]

Cape Bojador: in 1434 is passed by Gil Eannes, [15]

Cape Correntes: before A.D. 1500 is the southern terminus of ordinary navigation by the Persians and Arabs, owing to fear of danger beyond it, [11]

Cape Nun: belief of seamen as to the ocean beyond, [13]

Cape Verde: in 1444 or 1445 is discovered and named by Diniz Dias, [15]

Carthaginians: occupy stations in the southern part of the Iberian peninsula, [5]; from which in B.C. 206 they are expelled by the Romans, [5]