The principal data of the climates of the regions described above may be gathered in detail from an inspection of the table on [pages 56, 57], as the places therein mentioned include one or more towns in each of the regions into which we have, for purposes of description, divided the Indian peninsula. Owing to the size of page it is impossible to adhere to our general plan of tabulating the facts in both the English and Continental scales, and in place of duplicating the table according to the metric nomenclature, it has been thought better to reproduce a [table] of the same character from Hann’s “Klimatologie,” as by this course the facts are expressed from a different point of view, and it enables us to some extent to supplement the original list with the data of a number of additional places.

Lastly, the table on [next page], from Blanford, is reproduced, as it illustrates well the remarkable differences of climate in the matter of annual ranges of temperature that are to be found within the confines of the Indian peninsula.

The Bay of Bengal naturally has a climate which generally resembles that of the surrounding coasts. During the south-west monsoon the winds are strong, and there is generally a heavy sea running, but throughout the period of north-easterly winds, from October to May, a calm sea with moderate breezes will as a rule be met with, the pleasant weather being interrupted only by occasional cyclonic storms during the first half of the period. Short spells of rather bad weather due to disturbances of this sort will be met with in every year, and it is rare for a season to pass without rather heavy weather, but the really serious storms, which meet the popular notions of what a “cyclone” should be, are fortunately rather rare. Of these dangerous disturbances, the greatest number occur in October, but they are not unknown even in the period of the south-west monsoon. Out of 111 noticeable revolving storms “in the Bay” that have occurred in 139 years, Blanford states that the monthly distribution has been as follows:—

Jan.Feb.Mar.Apl.MayJuneJulyAug.Sept.Oct.Nov.Dec.
2029211034631189
Table of Mean and Absolute Extreme Temperatures in
CertainIndian Stations.
PlaceAnnual
Range of
Temperature		Mean
Maximum
Temperature		Mean
Minimum
Temperature		Absolute
Maximum
Temperature		Absolute
Minimum
Temperature
F.C.F.C.F.C.F.C.F.C.
Leh94  52·290  32·2-4  -20·093  33·9-17  -27·2
Quetta84  46·699  37·215  -9·4103  39·411  -11·8
Simla63  35·088  31·125  -3·994·534·720  -6·8
Peshawar86  47·8115  46·129  -1·7119  48·324·5-4·1
Multan80  44·5114  45·630  1·1118  47·829·1-1·7
Lahore83  46·1117  47·230  1·1120  49·030  -1·2
Jacobabad86  47·8118  47·832  0·0121  49·429  -1·6
Kurrachi62  34·5107  41·745  7·2117·547·541  5·0
Mount Abu57  31·796  35·639  3·9101  38·332·60·4
Deesa72  40·0112  44·440  4·4118·548·134·21·2
Agra76  42·3116  46·740  4·4120·549·236·42·4
Calcutta54  30·0102  38·948  8·9105·540·845  7·2
Sibsagar57  31·699  37·242  5·6102  38·940  4·4
Nagpur69  38·3115  46·146  7·8117·547·543·26·2
Bombay34  18·995  35·061  16·1100  37·953·211·8
Sholapur63  35·0110  43·347  8·3112  44·442·96·0
Darjeeling48  26·778  25·630  -1·184  29·026·0-3·3
Madras48  26·6108  42·260  15·6113  45·057·514·2
Wellington43  23·980  26·737  2·881  27·234·21·2
Colombo25  13·993  33·968  20·095·535·465·818·8
Newera Eliya42  23·377  25·035  1·779  26·10·00·0
Akyab45  25·096  35·651  10·699  37·347·48·5
Rangoon46  25·6104  40·058  14·4106·541·555·813·2
Port Blair26  14·495  35·069  20·696·535·865·818·8

It will be noted that there is a second maximum in May, so that one of the most important factors in determining these storms is obviously the change of the monsoon. Their influence rarely reaches far inland, so that one rarely hears of serious damage being inflicted much further inland than Calcutta, and even there, the havoc seldom goes beyond the uprooting of a few trees and the unroofing of crazy native huts. At sea these storms are no light danger, but it is to be doubted if they ever approach the terrific visitations that are to be met with in the West Indies.

The Indo-Malay Peninsula.

—The climate of the coast of Arakan and Lower Burmah generally resembles that of the other side of the Bay of Bengal, but has a much heavier rainfall, as may be seen from an inspection of the following table of four ports situated on the west coast of the peninsula with that of Madras.

Table showing Comparison of Rainfall on West and East Coasts,Bay of Bengal.
Madras
(West
Coast
of Bay)		Port
Blair
Island
(nearer
Burmah)		Akyab
(East
Coast
of Bay
to North)		Moulmein
(East
Coast
of Bay,
middle)		Selangor
(East
Coast
of Bay
to South)
Ins.Mm.Ins.Mm.Ins.Mm.Ins.Mm.Ins.Mm.
January0·98280·91230·1330   07·37187
February0·3381·30330·1950·0826·03153
March0·39100·39100·54130·1337·84199
April0·59152·40611·63412·767010·04255
May2·205615·0840412·2131019·6850010·72272
June2·095317·0845551·631,31138·389753·0477
July3·789616·5441950·981,29543·981,1153·98101
August4·4211215·2038638·5798043·01,0927·68195
September4·6811919·6549822·9858430·327707·18182
October10·0827411·8030012·403158·3921811·17283
November13·703489·492413·89991·493811·01280
December5·131305·331356·59150·1339·77248
Year49·121,246116·732,965195·724,971188·324,781101·302,573

The more even distribution and the appearance of two maxima as the Equator is approached are also well shown in this table, which further shows that the north-east coast of the Bay of Bengal includes some of the rainiest places on the face of the globe.