ILLUSTRATIONS

PLATEpage
[XXXVIII.]The New Spain and New Mexico country345
[XXXIX.]The Ulpius globe of 1542349
[XL.]Sebastian Cabot’s map of 1544353
[XLI.]Map of the world by Ptolemy, 1548357
[XLII.]Battista Agnese’s New Spain, sixteenth century361
[XLIII.]The City of Mexico about 1550, by Alonzo de Santa Cruz365
[XLIV.]Zaltieri’s karte, 1566369
[XLV.]Mercator’s northwestern part of New Spain, 1569373
[XLVI.]Mercator’s interior of New Spain, 1569377
[XLVII.]Abr. Ortelius’ Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, 1570381
[XLVIII.]Dourado’s Terra Antipodv Regis Castele Inveta, 1580385
[XLIX.]Western hemisphere of Mercator, 1587389
[L.]Northern half of De Bry’s America Sive Novvs Orbis, 1596393
[LI.]Wytfliet’s Vtrivsqve Hemispherii Delineatio, 1597397
[LII.]Wytfliet’s New Granada and California, 1597401
[LIII.]Wytfliet’s kingdoms of Quivira, Anian, and Tolm, 1597405
[LIV.]Matthias Quadus’ Fasciculus Geographicus, 1608409
[LV.]The buffalo of Gomara, 1554512
[LVI.]The buffalo of Thevet, 1558516
[LVII.]The buffalo of De Bry, 1595520
[LVIII.]On the terraces at Zuñi525
[LIX.]Middle court at Zuñi527
[LX.]Zuñi court, showing “balcony”529
[LXI.]Zuñi interior531
[LXII.]Zuñis in typical modern costume534
[LXIII.]Hopi maidens, showing primitive Pueblo hairdressing536
[LXIV.]Hopi grinding and paper-bread making539
[LXV.]Hopi basket maker543
[LXVI.]Pueblo pottery making547
[LXVII.]Pueblo spinning and weaving551
[LXVIII.]The Tewa pueblo of P’o-who-gi or San Ildefonso555
[LXIX.]Pueblo of Jemez559
[LXX.]Ruins of Spanish church above Jemez562
[LXXI.]The Keres pueblo of Sia569
[LXXII.]The Keres pueblo of Cochití571
[LXXIII.]The Tewa pueblo of Nambe573
[LXXIV.]A Nambe Indian in war costume576
[LXXV.]A Nambe water carrier578
[LXXVI.]The Keres pueblo of Katishtya or San Felipe583
[LXXVII.]The south town of the Tiwa pueblo of Taos585
[LXXVIII.]The Tewa pueblo of K’hapóo or Santa Clara587
[LXXIX.]The Tewa pueblo of Ohke or San Juan589
[LXXX.]A native of San Juan592
[LXXXI.]A native of Pecos596
[LXXXII.]Facsimile of pages of Castañeda’s relacion456
[LXXXIII.]Facsimile of pages of Castañeda’s relacion442
[LXXXIV.]Facsimile of pages of Castañeda’s relacion466

p339

THE CORONADO EXPEDITION, 1540–1542

BY GEORGE PARKER WINSHIP

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

The following historical introduction, with the accompanying translations, is the result of work in the Seminary of American History at Harvard University. Undertaken as a bit of undergraduate study, it has gradually assumed a form which has been considered worthy of publication, chiefly because of the suggestions and assistance which have been given with most generous readiness by all from whom I have had occasion to ask help or advice. To Dr Justin Winsor; to Professor Henry W. Haynes, who opened the way for students of the early Spanish history of the North American southwest; to Dr J. Walter Fewkes, who has freely offered me the many results of his long-continued and minute investigations at Tusayan and Zuñi; and to the careful oversight and aid of Mr F. W. Hodge and the other members of the Bureau of Ethnology, much of the value of this work is due. Mr Augustus Hemenway has kindly permitted the use of the maps and documents deposited in the archives of the Hemenway Southwestern Archeological Expedition by Mr Adolph F. Bandelier. My indebtedness to the researches and writings of Mr Bandelier is evident throughout. Señor Joaquin Garcia Icazbalceta—whose death, in November, 1894, removed the master student of the documentary history of Mexico—most courteously gave me all the information at his command, and with his own hand copied the Relación postrera de Sívola, which is now for the first time printed. The Spanish text of Castañeda’s narrative, the presentation of which for the first time in its original language affords the best reason for the present publication, has been copied and printed with the consent of the trustees of the Lenox Library in New York, in whose custody is the original manuscript. I am under many obligations to their librarian, Mr Wilberforce Eames, who has always been ready to assist me by whatever means were within his power.

The subject of this research was suggested by Professor Channing of Harvard. If my work has resulted in some contribution to the literature of the history of the Spanish conquest of America, it is because of his constant guidance and inspiration, and his persistent refusal to p340 consent to any abandoning of the work before the results had been expressed in a manner worthy of the university.

Before the completion of the arrangements by which this essay becomes a part of the annual report of the Director of the Bureau of Ethnology, it had been accepted for publication by the Department of History of Harvard University.

GEORGE PARKER WINSHIP