ou, au.

O. N. ou, au is regularly ou, ow in Sco.: blowt, douff, dowff, gowk, gowl, loup, louse, nowt, rout, rowste, soum. Very frequently appears as oi, oy: e.g., soym, doif, goilk, loip, etc.

O. N. ou > u in gukk, vb. formed from gowk (?).

jo.

O. N. jo before r > a in starn (O. N. stjorn).

jo > ei in leister. Appears as i in the N. Sco. word shiel.

ju.

O. N. ju > ū in stroop.

ju > i in skyle.

[(b) The Old Northern Consonants.]