[48] "Descent of Man," pp. 9, 10, quoting Huxley, "Man's Place in Nature," p. 65.
[49] "Descent of Man," p. 11 et seq.
[50] Ibid.
[51] "Descent of Man," p. 24. Consult Mr. Darwin's note on Prof. Bianconi's explanation of homologous structures upon mechanical principles, in accordance with their uses.
[52] Mr. Herbert Spencer's peculiar views are not here included in the discussion, but they will be considered hereafter.
[53] It is immaterial, of course, in this discussion, whether the formation of man preceded that of the other animals, according to the Platonic idea, or whether, as in the account given in the book of Genesis, the other animals were first formed. So far as an ideal plan entered into all of them, that plan may have been devised for and first applied to any part of the series, and then varied accordingly.
[54] The popular terms—"fish" and "flesh"—present to the mind the most vivid idea of this change from the characteristic substance of one of these animals to that of another.
[55] See the note on amputation, or severance of parts, at the end of this chapter.
[56] "Descent of Man," p. 25.
[57] "The Principles of Biology," by Herbert Spencer, vol. i, p. 334 et seq. I use the American edition, D. Appleton & Co., 1881.