| CHAPTER I. |
| Introduction. |
| [Origin of Modern Literature] | 3 |
| [Its Origin in Spain] | 4 |
| [Its earliest Appearance there] | 5 |
| [Two Schools] | 5 |
| [The National School] | 6 |
| [It appears in troubled Times] | 6 |
| [The Arab Invasion] | 7 |
| [Christian Resistance] | 8 |
| [Christian Successes] | 8 |
| [Battle of Navas de Tolosa] | 9 |
| [Earliest National Poetry] | 10 |
| CHAPTER II. |
| Early National Literature. |
| [Appearance of the Castilian] | 11 |
| [Poem of the Cid] | 12 |
| [Its Hero] | 13 |
| [Its Subject] | 15 |
| [Its Character] | 16 |
| [Book of Apollonius] | 24 |
| [Saint Mary of Egypt] | 25 |
| [Three Holy Kings] | 26 |
| [All anonymous] | 27 |
| [Gonzalo de Berceo] | 28 |
| [His Works] | 28 |
| [His Versification] | 29 |
| [His San Domingo] | 30 |
| [His Milagros de la Vírgen] | 30 |
| CHAPTER III. |
| Alfonso the Wise, or the Learned. |
| [His Birth] | 35 |
| [Letter to Perez de Guzman] | 36 |
| [His Death] | 38 |
| [His Cántigas] | 39 |
| [Galician Dialect] | 40 |
| [Querellas and Tesoro] | 44 |
| [His Ultramar] | 45 |
| [Castilian Prose] | 46 |
| [Fuero Juzgo] | 47 |
| [Setenario] | 49 |
| [Espejo] | 49 |
| [Fuero Real] | 49 |
| [Siete Partidas] | 49 |
| [Character of Alfonso] | 54 |
| CHAPTER IV. |
| Lorenzo Segura and Don Juan Manuel. |
| [Juan Lorenzo Segura] | 56 |
| [His Anachronisms] | 57 |
| [His Alexandro] | 58 |
| [Los Votos del Pavon] | 60 |
| [Sancho el Bravo] | 61 |
| [Don Juan Manuel] | 61 |
| [His Life] | 62 |
| [His Works] | 64 |
| [Letter to his Brother] | 68 |
| [His Counsels to his Son] | 69 |
| [His Book of the Knight] | 69 |
| [His Conde Lucanor] | 70 |
| [His Character] | 74 |
| CHAPTER V. |
| Alfonso the Eleventh. — Archpriest of Hita. — Anonymous Poems. — The Chancellor Ayala. |
| [Alfonso the Eleventh] | 76 |
| [Poetical Chronicle] | 77 |
| [Beneficiado de Ubeda] | 78 |
| [Archpriest of Hita] | 78 |
| [His Works] | 79 |
| [His Character] | 84 |
| [Rabbi Don Santob] | 86 |
| [La Doctrina Christiana] | 88 |
| [Una Revelacion] | 88 |
| [La Dança General] | 89 |
| [Fernan Gonzalez] | 91 |
| [Poema de José] | 95 |
| [Rimado de Palacio] | 99 |
| [Castilian Literature thus far] | 103 |
| [Its Religious Tone] | 103 |
| [Its Loyal Tone] | 103 |
| [Its Popular Character] | 104 |
| CHAPTER VI. |
| Old Ballads. |
| [Popular Literature] | 106 |
| [Four Classes of it] | 108 |
| [First Class, Ballads] | 108 |
| [Theories of their Origin] | 109 |
| [Not Arabic] | 110 |
| [National and Indigenous] | 111 |
| [Redondillas] | 111 |
| [Asonantes] | 112 |
| [Easy Measure and Structure] | 113 |
| [General Diffusion] | 114 |
| [Their Name] | 115 |
| [Their History] | 116 |
| [Their great Number] | 118 |
| [Preserved by Tradition] | 119 |
| [When first printed] | 120 |
| [First Ballad-book] | 126 |
| [Other Ballad-books] | 128 |
| [Romancero General] | 128 |
| [Not to be arranged by Date] | 129 |
| CHAPTER VII. |
| Old Ballads concluded. |
| [Ballads of Chivalry] | 131 |
| [On Charlemagne] | 132 |
| [Historical Ballads] | 134 |
| [On Bernardo del Carpio] | 135 |
| [On Fernan Gonzalez] | 138 |
| [On the Infantes de Lara] | 139 |
| [On the Cid] | 140 |
| [On various Historical Subjects] | 145 |
| [Loyalty of the Ballads] | 145 |
| [Ballads on Moorish Subjects] | 146 |
| [On National Manners] | 148 |
| [Character of the Old Ballads] | 153 |
| [Their Nationality] | 154 |
| CHAPTER VIII. |
| Chronicles. |
| [Second Class of Popular Literature] | 156 |
| [Chronicles and their Origin] | 157 |
| [Royal Chronicles] | 157 |
| [Crónica General] | 158 |
| [Its Divisions and Subjects] | 159 |
| [Its Poetical Portions] | 161 |
| [Its Character] | 166 |
| [Chronicle of the Cid] | 166 |
| [Its Origin] | 167 |
| [Its Subject] | 169 |
| [Its Character] | 172 |
| CHAPTER IX. |
| Chronicles continued. |
| [Chronicles of Alfonso the Wise, Sancho the Brave, and Ferdinand the Fourth] | 173 |
| [Chronicle of Alfonso the Eleventh] | 175 |
| [Chronicles of Peter the Cruel, Henry the Second, John the First, and Henry the Third] | 177 |
| [Chronicle of John the Second] | 183 |
| [Chronicles of Henry the Fourth] | 187 |
| [Chronicles of Ferdinand and Isabella] | 189 |
| [Royal Chronicles cease] | 190 |
| CHAPTER X. |
| Chronicles concluded. |
| [Chronicles of Particular Events] | 192 |
| [El Passo Honroso] | 193 |
| [El Seguro de Tordesillas] | 195 |
| [Chronicles of Particular Persons] | 197 |
| [Pero Niño] | 197 |
| [Alvaro de Luna] | 198 |
| [Gonzalvo de Córdova] | 200 |
| [Chronicling Accounts of Travels] | 202 |
| [Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo] | 203 |
| [Columbus] | 206 |
| [Balboa, Hojeda, and Others] | 211 |
| [Romantic Chronicles] | 212 |
| [Don Roderic] | 212 |
| [Character of the Chronicles] | 215 |
| CHAPTER XI. |
| Romances of Chivalry. |
| [Origin of Romantic Fiction] | 218 |
| [Appearance in Spain] | 220 |
| [Amadis de Gaula] | 221 |
| [Its Date] | 221 |
| [Its Author, Lobeira] | 221 |
| [Portuguese Original lost] | 223 |
| [Translated by Montalvo] | 223 |
| [Its Success] | 224 |
| [Its Story] | 225 |
| [Its Character] | 229 |
| [Esplandian] | 231 |
| [Family of Amadis] | 233 |
| [Influence of the Amadis] | 234 |
| [Palmerin de Oliva] | 235 |
| [Primaleon and Platir] | 236 |
| [Palmerin of England] | 236 |
| [Family of Palmerin] | 238 |
| CHAPTER XII. |
| Romances of Chivalry concluded. |
| [Various Romances] | 241 |
| [Lepolemo] | 242 |
| [Translations from the French] | 243 |
| [Carlo Magno] | 244 |
| [Religious Romances] | 245 |
| [The Celestial Chivalry] | 246 |
| [Period of Romances] | 249 |
| [Their Number] | 249 |
| [Founded in the State of Society] | 250 |
| [Knight-errantry no Fiction] | 251 |
| [Romances believed to be true] | 252 |
| [Passion for them] | 253 |
| [Their Fate] | 254 |
| CHAPTER XIII. |
| The Early Drama. |
| [Religious Origin of the Modern Drama] | 255 |
| [Its Origin in Spain] | 257 |
| [Earliest Representations] | 258 |
| [Mingo Revulgo] | 260 |
| [Rodrigo Cota] | 261 |
| [The Celestina] | 262 |
| [First Act] | 263 |
| [The Remainder] | 264 |
| [Its Character] | 267 |
| [Its Popularity] | 268 |
| [Imitations of it] | 269 |
| CHAPTER XIV. |
| The Early Drama continued. |
| [Juan de la Enzina] | 273 |
| [His Works] | 274 |
| [His Representaciones] | 275 |
| [Eclogues in Form] | 276 |
| [Religious and Secular] | 276 |
| [First acted Secular Dramas] | 277 |
| [Their Character] | 278 |
| [Portuguese Theatre] | 282 |
| [Gil Vicente] | 282 |
| [Writes partly in Spanish] | 283 |
| [Auto of Cassandra] | 285 |
| [O Viudo] | 289 |
| [Other Dramas] | 290 |
| [His Poetical Character] | 292 |
| CHAPTER XV. |
| The Early Drama concluded. |
| [Slow Progress of the Drama] | 293 |
| [Escriva] | 293 |
| [Villalobos] | 294 |
| [Question de Amor] | 294 |
| [Torres Naharro] | 295 |
| [His Propaladia] | 295 |
| [His Eight Dramas] | 296 |
| [His Dramatic Theory] | 296 |
| [La Trofea] | 298 |
| [La Hymenea] | 299 |
| [Intriguing Story and Buffoon] | 301 |
| [His Versification] | 303 |
| [His Plays acted] | 304 |
| [No Popular Drama founded] | 305 |
| CHAPTER XVI. |
| Provençal Literature in Spain. |
| [Provence] | 306 |
| [Its Language] | 307 |
| [Connection with Catalonia] | 308 |
| [With Aragon] | 309 |
| [Provençal Poetry] | 310 |
| [Its Character] | 311 |
| [In Catalonia and Aragon] | 312 |
| [War of the Albigenses] | 312 |
| [Provençal Poetry under Peter the Second] | 313 |
| [Under Jayme the Conqueror] | 314 |
| [His Chronicle] | 315 |
| [Ramon Muntaner] | 318 |
| [His Chronicle] | 318 |
| [Provençal Poetry decays] | 322 |
| CHAPTER XVII. |
| Catalonian and Valencian Poetry. |
| [Floral Games at Toulouse] | 326 |
| [Consistory of Barcelona] | 328 |
| [Poetry in Catalonia and Valencia] | 329 |
| [Ausias March] | 331 |
| [His Poetry] | 332 |
| [Jaume Roig] | 333 |
| [His Poetry] | 334 |
| [Decay of Catalonian Poetry] | 337 |
| [Decay of Valencian] | 338 |
| [Influence of Castile] | 338 |
| [Poetical Contest at Valencia] | 338 |
| [Valencians write in Castilian] | 340 |
| [Preponderance of Castile] | 340 |
| [Prevalence of the Castilian] | 343 |
| CHAPTER XVIII. |
| Courtly School in Castile. |
| [Early Influence of Italy] | 346 |
| [Religious] | 347 |
| [Intellectual] | 348 |
| [Political and Commercial] | 349 |
| [Connection with Sicily] | 350 |
| [With Naples] | 351 |
| [Similarity in Languages] | 351 |
| [Italian Poets known in Spain] | 351 |
| [Reign of John the Second of Castile] | 352 |
| [His Poetical Court] | 354 |
| [Troubadours and Minnesingers] | 355 |
| [Poetry of John] | 356 |
| [Marquis of Villena] | 357 |
| [His Arte Cisoria] | 360 |
| [His Arte de Trobar] | 361 |
| [His Trabajos de Hércules] | 362 |
| [Macias el Enamorado] | 364 |
| CHAPTER XIX. |
| The Courtly School continued. |
| [The Marquis of Santillana] | 366 |
| [Connected with Villena] | 370 |
| [Imitates the Provençals] | 371 |
| [Imitates the Italians] | 372 |
| [Writes in the Fashionable Style] | 373 |
| [His Comedieta de Ponza] | 375 |
| [His Proverbs] | 377 |
| [His Letter to the Constable of Portugal] | 378 |
| [His Character] | 378 |
| [Juan de Mena] | 379 |
| [Relations at Court] | 380 |
| [His Works] | 382 |
| [Poem on the Seven Deadly Sins] | 383 |
| [His Coronation] | 383 |
| [His Labyrinth] | 384 |
| [His Character] | 387 |
| CHAPTER XX. |
| Courtly School continued. |
| [Progress of the Language] | 389 |
| [Villasandino] | 391 |
| [Francisco Imperial] | 393 |
| [Other Poets] | 393 |
| [Prose-writers] | 394 |
| [Gomez de Cibdareal] | 395 |
| [His Letters] | 395 |
| [Perez de Guzman] | 398 |
| [His Friends the Cartagenas] | 399 |
| [His Poetry] | 400 |
| [His Generaciones y Semblanzas] | 401 |
| CHAPTER XXI. |
| The Manriques, the Urreas, and Juan de Padilla. |
| [Family of the Manriques] | 403 |
| [Pedro Manrique] | 403 |
| [Rodrigo Manrique] | 404 |
| [Jorge Manrique] | 406 |
| [His Coplas] | 406 |
| [Family of the Urreas] | 410 |
| [Lope de Urrea] | 411 |
| [Gerónimo de Urrea] | 411 |
| [Pedro de Urrea] | 411 |
| [Padilla el Cartuxano] | 412 |
| CHAPTER XXII. |
| Prose-writers of the Latter Part of the Fifteenth Century. |
| [Juan de Lucena] | 415 |
| [His Vita Beata] | 416 |
| [Alfonso de la Torre] | 417 |
| [His Vision Deleytable] | 417 |
| [Diego de Almela] | 418 |
| [His Valerio de las Historias] | 419 |
| [Alonso Ortiz] | 420 |
| [His Tratados] | 420 |
| [Fernando del Pulgar] | 420 |
| [His Claros Varones] | 421 |
| [His Letters] | 422 |
| [Romantic Fiction] | 424 |
| [Diego de San Pedro] | 424 |
| [His Carcel de Amor] | 424 |
| [Question de Amor] | 426 |
| CHAPTER XXIII. |
| The Cancioneros and the Courtly School concluded. |
| [Fashion of Cancioneros] | 428 |
| [Cancionero of Baena] | 428 |
| [Cancioneros of Estuñiga, etc.] | 430 |
| [First Book printed in Spain] | 431 |
| [Cancionero General] | 432 |
| [Its different Editions] | 433 |
| [Its Devotional Poetry] | 433 |
| [Its First Series of Authors] | 435 |
| [Its Canciones] | 437 |
| [Its Ballads] | 438 |
| [Its Invenciones] | 438 |
| [Its Motes] | 439 |
| [Its Villancicos] | 440 |
| [Its Preguntas] | 440 |
| [Its Second Series of Authors] | 441 |
| [Its Poems at the End] | 442 |
| [Number of its Authors] | 443 |
| [Rank of many of them] | 443 |
| [Character of their Poetry] | 444 |
| [Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella] | 444 |
| [State of Letters] | 445 |
| CHAPTER XXIV. |
| Discouragements of Spanish Culture at the End of this Period, and its General Condition. |
| [Spanish Intolerance] | 446 |
| [Persecution of Jews] | 446 |
| [Persecution of Moors] | 446 |
| [Inquisition, its Origin] | 447 |
| [Its Establishment in Spain] | 448 |
| [Its first Victims Jews] | 448 |
| [Its next Victims Moors] | 449 |
| [Its great Authority] | 450 |
| [Punishes Opinion] | 451 |
| [State of the Press] | 451 |
| [Past Literature of Spain] | 452 |
| [Promise for the Future] | 453 |