Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1849, by
George Ticknor,
in the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts.

CONTENTS
OF
VOLUME THIRD.

SECOND PERIOD.
(Continued.)

CHAPTER XXXI.
Satirical Poetry, Epistolary, Elegiac, Pastoral, Epigrammatic, Didactic, and Descriptive.
[Satirical Poetry]3
[Mendoza, Boscan]3
[Castillejo, Montemayor]4
[Padilla, Cantorál]4
[Murillo, Artieda]4
[Barahona de Soto]4
[Juan de Jauregui]4
[The Argensolas]5
[Quevedo, Góngora]5
[Cervantes, Espinel]6
[Arguijo, Rioja]6
[Salcedo, Ulloa, Melo]6
[Rebolledo, Solís]6
[Satire discouraged]7
[Elegiac Poetry]8
[Garcilasso]8
[Figueroa, Silvestre]9
[Cantorál, the Argensolas]9
[Borja, Herrera]9
[Rioja, Quevedo]9
[Villegas]9
[Elegy does not succeed]9
[Pastoral Poetry]10
[Garcilasso, Boscan, Mendoza]10
[Figueroa, Cantorál]10
[Montemayor]10
[Saa de Miranda]10
[Polo, Balbuena]12
[Barahona de Soto]12
[Padilla, Silvestre]12
[Pedro de Enzinas]12
[Morales, Tapia]13
[Balvas, Villegas]13
[Carrillo, Esquilache]13
[Quevedo, Espinosa]13
[Soto de Roxas, Zarate]13
[Ulloa, Los Reyes]13
[Barrios, Inez de la Cruz]13
[Pastorals successful]14
[Epigrams, amatory]14
[Maldonado, Silvestre]15
[Villegas, Góngora]15
[Camoens, Argensolas]15
[Villegas, Quevedo]15
[Esquilache]15
[Francisco de la Torre]15
[Rebolledo]16
[Didactic Poetry]17
[Earliest]17
[In the Cancioneros]17
[Boscan, Silvestre, Mendoza]17
[Guzman, Aldana, Rufo]19
[Virues, Cantorál]19
[Morillo, Salas]19
[Argensola, Artieda]19
[Mesa, Espinel]19
[Juan de la Cueva]20
[Pablo de Céspedes]20
[Lope de Vega]22
[Rebolledo, Trapeza]22
[Emblems]22
[Daza, Covarrubias]22
[Descriptive Poetry]23
[Dicastillo]23
[Didactic Poetry fails]23
CHAPTER XXXII.
Ballad Poetry.
[Effect of the Romanceros]25
[Lorenzo de Sepúlveda]26
[Alonso de Fuentes]27
[Juan de Timoneda]29
[Pedro de Padilla]30
[Juan de la Cueva]31
[Ginés Perez de Hita]31
[Hidalgo, Valdivielso]31
[Lope de Vega]32
[Arellano]32
[Roca y Serna, Esquilache]33
[Mendoza, Quevedo]33
[Silva de Romances]33
[Los Doce Pares]34
[Romancero del Cid]34
[Primavera de Perez]34
[Esquilache]35
[Silvestre, Montemayor]35
[Espinel, Castillejo]35
[Lopez de Maldonado]35
[Góngora, Arteaga]35
[Villamediana, Coronel]35
[Cervantes, Lope de Vega]36
[Fereira, Alarcon]36
[Diego de la Chica]36
[Universal Love of Ballads]37
CHAPTER XXXIII.
Romantic Fiction. — Prose Pastorals.
[Romances of Chivalry]38
[Changed Taste]39
[Seen in Pastoral Fictions]39
[Shepherd’s Life in Spain]39
[Sannazaro in Italy]40
[Montemayor]41
[His Diana Enamorada]41
[Continued by Perez]43
[And by Gil Polo]44
[Antonio de Lo Frasso]45
[Luis Galvez de Montalvo]46
[His Fílida]46
[Cervantes]47
[Bartolomé de Enciso]47
[Bovadilla]48
[Bernardo de la Vega]48
[Lope de Vega]49
[Bernardo de Balbuena]49
[His Siglo de Oro]49
[Suarez de Figueroa]50
[His Amaryllis and Pastor Fido]50
[Adorno, Botelho]51
[Quintana, Cuevas]51
[Corral, Saavedra]51
[Popularity of Pastorals]52
[Their Incongruities]53
[Their Foundation]54
[Their Failure]54
CHAPTER XXXIV.
Romantic Fiction, continued. — Stories in the Gusto Picaresco.
[Their Origin]55
[Military Life]56
[Contempt for honest Labor]56
[Feeling of the lower Classes]57
[The Pícaros]58
[Lazarillo de Tórmes]58
[Mateo Aleman]59
[His Guzman de Alfarache]59
[Spurious Second Part]61
[Genuine Second Part]61
[Andreas Perez]66
[His Pícara Justina]67
[Drama and Short Tales]67
[Vicente Espinel]67
[His Marcos de Obregon]68
[Yañez y Rivera]71
[His Alonso]71
[Quevedo, Solorzano]72
[Enriquez Gomez]73
[Estevanillo Gonzalez]74
[Success of Pícaro Stories]75
CHAPTER XXXV.
Romantic Fiction, continued. — Serious and Historical Romances.
[Early Specimens]76
[Juan de Flores]77
[Nuñez de Reinoso]77
[Luzindaro y Medusina]77
[Hierónimo de Contreras]78
[Relations with Italy and Algiers]79
[Ginés Perez de Hita]79
[His Guerras de Granada]79
[Not imitated]84
[La Cryselia de Lidaceli]86
[Benito Remigio Noydens]86
[Gonzalo de Céspedes]87
[Cervantes, Lamarca]87
[Dos Verdaderos Amigos]88
[Valladares de Valdelomar]88
[Grave Fictions discouraged]89
[Cosmé de Texada]90
[Christóval Lozano]91
[Serious Fictions not successful]92
CHAPTER XXXVI.
Romantic Fiction, concluded. — Tales.
[Arise from the State of Society]93
[Antonio de Villegas]93
[His Story of Narvaez]94
[Juan de Timoneda]96
[His Patrañuelo]97
[Cervantes, Hidalgo]99
[Suarez, Figueroa]99
[Salas Barbadillo]99
[Eslava, Agreda]102
[Liñan y Verdugo]103
[Lope de Vega]103
[Salazar, Lugo, Camerino]103
[Changed Form of Tales]104
[Tirso de Molina]104
[Montalvan]105
[Matias de los Reyes]106
[Fernandez y Peralta]106
[Montalvan]106
[Céspedes y Meneses, Moya]107
[Castro y Anaya]107
[Mariana de Carbajal]107
[María de Zayas]108
[Mata, Castillo, Lozano]108
[Solorzano]108
[Alcalá, Villalpando, Prado]109
[Isidro de Robles]109
[Luis Velez de Guevara]110
[Jacinto Polo]111
[Marcos Garcia]112
[Francisco Santos]113
[Tales everywhere]117
[Early Appearance of Romantic Fiction]118
[Its early Decay]119
CHAPTER XXXVII.
Eloquence. — Epistolary Correspondence.
[Forensic Eloquence little cultivated]121
[Courts of Justice]121
[Cortes]121
[Eloquence of the Pulpit]122
[Luis de Leon]123
[Luis de Granada]123
[Cultismo in the Pulpit]127
[Paravicino]127
[Pulpit Eloquence fails]128
[Letter-writers formal]128
[Queen Isabella, Columbus]128
[Guevara, Avila]129
[Zurita and his Friends]129
[Antonio Perez]130
[Santa Teresa]135
[Argensola, Lope de Vega]136
[Quevedo, Cascales]136
[Antonio, Solís]136
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
Historical Composition.
[Fathers of Spanish History]138
[Gerónimo de Zurita]138
[Ambrosio de Morales]141
[Diego de Mendoza]142
[Ribadeneyra, Siguenza]142
[Juan de Mariana]143
[His Persecutions]146
[His History of Spain]147
[Prudencio Sandoval]151
[Spanish Discoveries and Conquests]153
[Antonio de Herrera]153
[Bartolomé de Argensola]155
[Garcilasso de la Vega, Inca]155
[Francisco de Moncada]159
[Coloma, Marquis of Espinar]160
[Manuel Melo]161
[Saavedra Faxardo]164
[Antonio Solís]164
[Character of Spanish History]167
CHAPTER XXXIX.
Didactic Prose.
[Proverbs]169
[Oldest]170
[Marquis of Santillana]170
[Garay, Valles, Nuñez]171
[Mal Lara, Palmireno]172
[Oudin, Sorapan, Cejudo]172
[Juan de Yriarte]173
[Great Number of Proverbs]173
[Didactic Prose]174
[Antonio de Torquemada]174
[Christóval de Acosta]175
[Luis de Granada]176
[Juan de la Cruz]178
[Santa Teresa]179
[School of Spiritualists]180
[Malon de Chaide]180
[Agustin de Roxas]181
[Suarez de Figueroa]183
[Marquez, Vera y Zuñiga]184
[Fernandez de Navarrete]184
[Saavedra Faxardo]185
[Quevedo, Antonio de Vega]186
[Nieremberg, Benavente]186
[Guzman, Dantisco]187
[Andrada, Villalobos]188
[Aleman, Faria y Sousa]188
[Francisco de Andrade]189
[Cultismo in Spanish Prose]190
[Paravicino]191
[Baltazar Gracian]191
[Cultismo prevails]194
[Juan de Zabaleta]194
[Lozano, Heredia, Ramirez]195
[Small Success of Didactic Prose]196
CHAPTER XL.
Concluding Remarks on the Period.
[Decay of the Spanish Character]198
[Charles the Fifth, Philip the Second]199
[Philip the Third]200
[Philip the Fourth]201
[Charles the Second]203
[Degradation of the Country]203
[Religion sinks into Bigotry]204
[Loyalty sinks into Servility]207
[Literature fails with Character]209

THIRD PERIOD.

The Literature that existed in Spain between the Accession of the Bourbon Family and the Invasion of Bonaparte; or from the Beginning of the Eighteenth Century to the Early Part of the Nineteenth.

CHAPTER I.
Reign of Philip the Fifth.
[Death of Charles the Second]213
[His Will]214
[War of the Succession]214
[Peace of Utrecht]214
[Philip the Fifth]215
[Academy of the Language]216
[State of the Language]217
[Dictionaries of the Language]219
[Dictionary of the Academy]219
[Its Orthography]220
[Its Grammar]221
[Its other Labors]223
[Other Academies]223
[State of Poetry]224
[Moraes]225
[Reynosa, Cevallos]226
[Lobo, Benegasi]227
[Alvarez de Toledo]228
[Antonio Muñoz]228
[Sagradas’s Flores]228
[Jorge de Pitillas]229
CHAPTER II.
Reign of Philip the Fifth, concluded.
[Marquis of San Phelipe]230
[French Influences]232
[Translations from the French]233
[Ignacio de Luzan]233
[Elder Works on Criticism]235
[Enzina, Rengifo, Lopez]236
[Cascales, Salas]236
[Luzan’s Poética]237
[State of the Moral and Physical Sciences]239
[State of the Universities]240
[Low State of Spanish Culture]240
[Benito Feyjoó]242
[His Teatro Crítico]244
[His Cartas Eruditas]244
[Effect of his Works]245
CHAPTER III.
Reigns of Philip the Fifth and Ferdinand the Sixth.
[The Inquisition]246
[Intolerance]247
[Autos da Fé and Judaism]248
[Culture under Ferdinand]249
[The Inquisition]249
[Policy of the State]250
[Condition of Letters]250
[Saldueña, Moraleja, Ortiz]250
[Academy of Good Taste]251
[Velazquez]251
[Mayans y Siscar]252
[Blas Nasarre]253
CHAPTER IV.
Reign of Charles the Third.
[State of the Country]254
[Character of the King]255
[The Jesuits]256
[The Universities]256
[The Inquisition]257
[Dawn of Better Things]258
[Father Isla]258
[His Juventud Triunfante]258
[His Dia Grande]259
[His Sermones]260
[His Fray Gerundio]260
[His Exile]264
[His Cicero]265
[His Translation of Gil Blas]266
[Question of its Authorship]266
[Efforts to restore the Old School]270
[Sedano, Sanchez, Sarmiento]271
[Efforts to encourage the French School]272
[Moratin the Elder]272
[Club of Men of Letters]274
[Cadahalso]275
[Yriarte]277
[His Fables]279
[Samaniego]280
[His Fables]281
[Arroyal, Montengon]282
[Salas, Meras, Noroña]282
CHAPTER V.
School of Salamanca and other Poets. — Reign of Charles the Fourth.
[State of Literary Parties]285
[Melendez Valdes]285
[His Works]287
[His Exile and Death]291
[Gonzalez]293
[Forner]294
[Iglesias]294
[Cienfuegos]295
[Jovellanos]297
[Connected with Melendez]298
[His Political Services]299
[His Exiles]300
[His Share in the Revolution]301
[His Death]303
[His Character]304
[Muñoz]305
[Escoiquiz]306
[Moratin the Younger]307
[His Relations to Godoy]308
[Quintana]309
CHAPTER VI.
The Theatre in the Eighteenth Century.
[Important Movement]312
[Translations from the French]312
[Cañizares, Torres, Lobo]313
[Lower Classes rule]313
[The old Court-yards]314
[The new Theatres]314
[The Opera]315
[Castro, Añerbe, Montiano]316
[The Virginia and Athaulpho]317
[Translations from the French]318
[The Petimetra of Moratin the Elder]318
[His Hormesinda]319
[His Guzman el Bueno]319
[Cadahalso]319
[Sebastian y Latre]320
[Yriarte, Melendez]321
[Ayala]321
[Huerta]322
[Jovellanos]323
[Autos suppressed]324
[Low State of the Theatre]325
[Ramon de la Cruz]326
[Sedano, Lassala, Cortés]329
[Cienfuegos, Huerta]329
[Discussions]330
[Valladares, Zavala]331
[Comella]332
[Moratin the Younger]333
[Patronized by Godoy]334
[His first Play]335
[His Nueva Comedia]336
[His Baron and Mogigata]337
[His Sí de las Niñas]338
[His Translations]339
[State of the Drama]340
[Actors of Note]340
[State of the Theatre]341
[Prospects]341
CHAPTER VII.
Reigns of Charles the Fourth and Ferdinand the Seventh. — Conclusion.
[Charles the Fourth and Godoy]343
[French Revolution]343
[Index Expurgatorius]344
[Affair of the Escurial]345
[Abdication]345
[French Invasion]345
[French expelled]346
[Ferdinand the Seventh]346
[Effect of the Times on Letters]347
[Interregnum in Culture]349
[Revival of Letters]349
[Prospects for the Future]350
APPENDIX, A.
Origin of the Spanish Language.
[Spain and its Name]355
[The Iberians in Spain]356
[The Celts]357
[The Celtiberians]358
[The Phœnicians]358
[The Carthaginians]359
[The Romans]360
[Their Colonies]362
[Their Language]363
[Their Writers]364
[Christianity introduced]365
[Its Effects on the Language]366
[Irruption of the Northern Tribes]368
[The Franks, Vandali, etc.]369
[The Goths]369
[Their Culture]370
[Their Effect on the Language]371
[The Arabs]372
[Their Invasion]373
[Their Effect on the Provençal]374
[Their Refinement]375
[The Christians and Pelayo]376
[The Mozárabes]377
[Their Influence]378
[Their Reunion]379
[The Language of the North]380
[How modified]381
[First written Spanish]382
[Carta Puebla de Avilés]383
[The Romance]384
[The Spanish or Castilian]384
[Materials that compose it]385
[Its rapid Prevalence]386
APPENDIX, B.
The Romanceros.
[Ballads on separate Sheets]388
[Oldest Ballad-book]389
[That of Antwerp]390
[Other early Ballad-books]392
[Ballad-book in Nine Parts]392
[Romancero General]393
[Early Selections from the Romanceros]394
[Recent Selections]395
[What is still wanted]396
APPENDIX, C.
Fernan Gomez de Cibdareal and the Centon Epistolario.
[Suggestions on its Genuineness]397
[Probably a Forgery]398
[No such Person mentioned early]398
[No Manuscript of the Letters]398
[Date of the earliest Edition false]398
[Second Edition admits it]398
[No Date to the Letters at first]399
[Their Style]399
[That of the First Edition]399
[Misstatements about Juan de Mena]399
[About Barrientos]400
[About Alvaro de Luna]401
[Appeared in an Age of Forgeries]402
[State of the Question]403
APPENDIX, D.
The Buscapié.
[Statement by Los Rios]404
[By Ruydiaz]405
[Effect of their Statements]406
[Don Adolfo de Castro]406
[Publishes a Buscapié]406
[What it is]407
[Contradicts Los Rios and Ruydiaz]408
[Its long Concealment suspicious]408
[Its External Evidence]409
[Argote de Molina]409
[The Duke of Lafões]410
[Don Pascual de Gándara]411
[Its Internal Evidence]411
[Resemblances to the Style of Cervantes]411
[Mistake about Enzinas]412
[About an old Proverb]413
[Its Title-page]414
[Its Notice of Alcalá]414
[State of the Question]415
APPENDIX, E.
Editions, Translations, and Imitations of the Don Quixote.
[First Part]416
[Second Part]417
[Both Parts]417
[Lord Carteret’s Edition]417
[That of the Academy]418
[Of Bowle]418
[Of Pellicer]418
[Of Clemencin]419
[Translations]419
[Imitations out of Spain]420
[In Spain]421
[Its Fame everywhere]422
APPENDIX, F.
Early Collections of Old Spanish Plays.
[Comedias de Diferentes Autores]423
[Comedias Nuevas Escogidas]424
[Various smaller Collections]426
APPENDIX, G.
On the Origin of Cultismo.
[Controversy about it in Italy]427
[Bettinelli and Tiraboschi]427
[Spanish Jesuits in Italy]428
[Serrano and Andres]428
[Vannetti and Zorzi]428
[Arteaga and Isla]429
[Lampillas]429
[End of the Controversy]430
[Result of it]431
APPENDIX, H.
Inedita.
[No. I. Poema de José el Patriarca]432
[No. II. La Danza General de la Muerte]459
[No. III. El Libro del Rabi Santob]475
[Index]505