[ [91] A Discourse upon the Union of England and Scotland, addressed to King Charles II., March 19th, in the year 1664.
[ [92] Account of his own Life, part ii. p. 50.
[ [93] Act for the encouraging and increasing of Shipping and Navigation, 12 Car. II. cap. 18.
[ [94] Memoirs of the Affairs of Scotland, p. 25.
[ [95] 15 Car. II. cap. 7.
[ [96] 14 Car. II. cap. 11.
[ [97] Scots Acts, 1661, cap. 44; 1663, cap. 13.
[ [98] 19 and 20 Car. II. cap. 5, Act for settling Freedom and Intercourse of Trade between England and Scotland.
[ [99] The grievances of Scotland in relation to their trade with England, sent up to the Council, 3 Feb. 1668. See also a paper given in by the Scots Commissioners for adjusting the differences of trade between the two kingdoms, Jan. 21, 1667 (1668), printed in Defoe, App. No. xiii., and in the “Report on the events and circumstances which produced the union of the kingdoms of England and Scotland” (App. No. xxxi.). This report, which was prepared for the private use of the Government, at the request of the Duke of Portland, in 1799, when the Union with Ireland was being discussed, contains most of the papers which passed between the Commissioners on Trade in 1668. The Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1667-1668, published in 1893, throws some light on these transactions. It appears that the coal merchants of Newcastle and the North of England had a grievance in the inequality of the export duties levied on coal in the two countries. English coal paid eight shillings, and Scottish coal only twenty pence. The result was said to be that the customs from coal had fallen in that part of the country, from £20,000 a year to £4000, and that English merchants were suffering from the importation into Scotland, in exchange for coal, of foreign goods which the Scots used to obtain from England. (Memorial of 24th Feb. 1668. Calendar, p. 247.)
[ [100] Burnet, i. 513. Lord Dartmouth, in a note on this passage, states that William the Third told Lord Jersey that it was a standing maxim in the Stuart family, “Whatever advances they pretended to make towards it,” never to allow a union. Their reason, he said, was that it could not take place without admitting Scotsmen to both Houses of Parliament, who must depend for a living on the Crown. He further asserts that King William said he hoped it would never take place during his reign, for “he had not the good fortune to know what would satisfy a Scotsman.”