[1438] Livy i. 26. 5-14; viii. 33. 8. For the theory that the popular assembly was sometimes a court of the first instance, see p. 260.
[1439] Lange’s idea (ibid. i. 457 f.; ii. 542) that Servius Tullius transferred appellate jurisdiction to the comitia centuriata rests upon his view that Servius was the author of the political centuriate organization.
[1440] Cf. Fest. 297. 11-24; Cic. Mil. 3. 7; Rep. ii. 31. 54; Livy i. 26.
[1441] Dion. Hal. iv. 25. 2; Livy i. 26. 5; Mommsen, Röm. Staatsr. ii. 11; Röm. Strafr. 474.
[1442] For the earlier literature on the ius provocationis, see Lange, Röm. Alt. ii. 542, n.
[1443] Cic. Rep. i. 40. 62; ii. 31. 53: “Legem ad populum tulit eam, quae centuriatis comitiis prima lata est, ne quis magistratus civem Romanum adversus provocationem necaret neve verberaret”; 36. 61; Livy ii. 8. 2; 30. 5 f.; iii. 33. 9 f.; Val. Max. iv. 1. 1; Plut. Popl. 11; Pomponius, in Dig. i. 2. 2. 16; Dion. Hal. v. 19. 4; cf. Ihne, in Rhein. Mus. xxi (1866). 168.
[1444] Cic. Rep. ii. 31. 54; Livy iii. 55. 4; x. 9. 3-6; cf. Pais, Storia di Roma, I. i. 489.
[1445] Cic. Rep. ii. 31. 54: “Ab omni iudicio poenaque provocari indicant XII Tabulae compluribus legibus; et quod proditum memoriae est, X viros, qui leges scripserint, sine provocatione creatos, satis ostenderit reliquos sine provocatione magistratus non fuisse.”
[1446] Greenidge, Leg. Proced. 311. Varro, L. L. vi. 68: “Quiritare dicitur is qui quiritium fidem clamans implorat”; cf. Cic. Fam. 32. 3; Livy ii. 55. 5 f.; iv. 14 f.
[1447] Ihne, in Rhein. Mus. xxi (1886). 165 ff. Two cases of appeal, which indeed may be mythical, are mentioned by the annalists for the time before the decemviral legislation—that of Sp. Cassius, which is only one of several views as to his condemnation and death (Livy ii. 41; iv. 15. 4; Dion. Hal. viii. 77 f.; ix. 1. 1; 3. 2; 51. 2; x. 38. 3; Diod. xi. 37. 7; Cic. Rep. ii. 35. 60; Flor. i. 26. 7), and that of the plebeian M. Volscius Fictor for false testimony; Livy iii. 25. 2 f.