IV. Within the province of organized national gatherings, on the other hand, (a) comitia is the wider term, applying as it does to all assemblies of the kind, whatever their function; whereas (b) concilium as an organized national assembly is wholly restricted to legislative and judicial functions.[744]
(a) Comitia is used in its most general sense in Cicero, Div. i. 45. 103; ii. 18. 42 f.; 35. 74; Tusc. iv. 1. 1.[745]
V. (a) Applied to foreign institutions, comitia always designates electoral assemblies; (b) as at Rome, concilia are always legislative or judicial assemblies.[746]
(a) Comitia is used of foreign states in:
Caesar, B. G. vii. 67; Cicero, Verr. II. ii. 52. 128 (three occurrences), 129, 130; 53. 133; 54. 136; Fam. viii. 1. 2; Livy v. 1. 1; xxiv. 23. 1; 26. 16; 27. 1; xxxii. 25. 2; xxxiii. 27. 8; xxxiv. 51. 5.
(b) Foreign concilia are mentioned by:
Caesar, B. G. i. 18, 19, 30, 31, 33; iii. 18; v. 2, 6, 24, 56 f.; vi. 3, 20; vii. 1, 14, 15, 63, 75, 89; viii. 20 (Hirtius); Sallust, Hist. ii. 22; Nepos, Tim. iv. 2; Livy i. 6. 1; 50-52; iii. 2. 3; 10. 8; v. 1. 8; 17. 6; 36. 1; vi. 10. 7; vii. 25. 5; viii. 3. 10; ix. 45. 8; x. 10. 11; 12. 2; 13. 3; 14. 3; xxi. 14. 1; 19. 9, 11; 20. 1; xxiv. 37. 11; xxvi. 24. 1; xxvii. 9. 2; 29. 10; 30. 6; xxix. 3. 1, 4; xxxi. 25. 2.; 29. 1, 2, 8; 32. 3, 4; xxxii. 10. 2; 19. 4, 5, 9; 20. 1; 21. 2; 22. 3, 9, 12; xxxiii. 1. 7; 2. 1, 7; 3. 7; 12. 6; 16. 3, 5, 8; xxxiv. 41. 5; 51. 5; xxxv. 25. 4; 27. 11; 31. 3; 32. 3, 5; 33. 1, 4; 34. 2; 43. 7; 48. 1; xxxvi. 6. 3; 8. 2; 26. 1; 28. 7, 9; 31. 9, 10; 32. 9; 34. 1; 35. 7; xxxviii. 9. 11; 10. 2; 31. 1; 32. 3; 34. 5; 35. 1; xxxix. 33, 35, 36, 37, 48, 50; xli. 24; xlii. 6, 12, 38, 43, 44, 47; xliii. 17; xlv. 18. Most of these concilia are known to have been assemblies of the whole people, noble and common.[747]
VI. In the Roman state, in a great majority of cases comitia are electoral assemblies; in fact, the word may generally be understood to signify that kind of assembly, or simply elections, unless the context indicates a different meaning.
Comitia are electoral in: