[2174] Cf. the lex Plautia Papiria, in Cic. Arch. 4. 7: “Data est civitas Silvani lege et Carbonis: Si qui foederatis civitatibus adscripti fuissent, si tum, cum lex ferebatur, in Italia domicilium habuissent et si sexaginta diebus apud praetorem essent professi”; also Balb. 8. 19 (singillatim); CIL. ii. 159; iii. 5232 (viritim); Mommsen, Röm. Staatsr. iii. 132.
[2175] Gell. xvi. 13. 6; Cic. Balb. 8. 21. Heraclea and Naples preferred their freedom; Cic. ibid.; Fam. xiii. 30. 1.
[2176] Mommsen, Röm. Staatsr. iii. 133.
[2177] This spirit expressed itself in the lex Minicia of unknown date, though probably anterior to the social war. It ordered that children born of a union between a Roman and a person of a nationality with which there was no conubium should follow the condition of the alien parent; Gaius i. 78 f.; Ulp. v. 8; Karlowa, Röm. Rechtsgesch. ii. 182.
[2178] Livy xxxix. 3. 5 f.
[2179] Livy xli. 9. 9-11; Neumann, Gesch. Roms, i. 21, 115; Herzog, Röm. Staatsverf. i. 964, n. 1; Meyer, Gesch. d. Gracch. 92, n. 1.
[2180] Mommsen, Röm. Staatsr. iii. 435 f.; cf. however Lange, Röm. Alt. ii. 27; Herzog, Röm. Staatsverf. i. 993.
[2181] Lange, Röm. Alt. i. 705; ii. 27.
[2182] Livy ix. 46; Plut. Mar. 5.
[2183] Livy xxxix. 19. 5 f.; Cic. Sest. 52. 110; Phil. ii. 2. 3. A law of Augustus, 18 B.C., permitted all excepting senators to marry freedwomen; Dio Cass. liv. 16. 2; lvi. 7. 2. Conubium had not been impossible, but had been considered disgraceful both by society and by the law.