[2949] Dig. xlviii. 19. 41; Cic. Att. iii. 23. 2 f. The substance of the sanctio comprising the extant fragment of the Lex Lat. Bant. is given on p. 379. On the lex sacrata, see p. 264 f.
[2950] Macrob. Somn. Scip. ii. 17. 13. A lex minusquam perfecta prescribes a penalty but allows the violating act to stand. The lex Furia testamentaria (p. 352), for instance, declares that the beneficiary of a legacy above the legal limit must pay fourfold, but does not rescind the legacy itself; Ulp. Reg. 1. A lex perfecta not only prescribes a penalty but nullifies a contravening act. These distinctions apply only to the civil law. Cf. Ulp. l. c.; Karlowa, Röm. Rechtsgesch. i. 428; Poste, Gaius, 566. Other terms connected with the enactment, repeal, and alteration of laws are explained by Ulp. Reg. 3: “Lex est rogatur, id est fertur, aut abrogatur, id est prior lex tollitur, aut derogatur, id est pars primae legis tollitur, aut subrogatur, id est adiicitur aliquid primae legi, aut obrogatur, id est mutatur aliquid ex prima lege.” The classification of laws as curiate, centuriate, and tribal according to the form of the comitia, and as consular, tribunician, etc. according to the office of the lator does not need explanation.
[2951] Dig. xiii. 2. 1; Gromat. 265.
[2952] Cf. Frag. Atest. in Bruns, Font. Iur. 101; Girard, Textes, 78; Lex Acil. rep. 78 (CIL. i. 198).
[2953] “Si quid ius non est rogarier, eius ea lege nihilum rogatur”; Cic. Caec. 33. 95; Dom. 40. 106; Lex Tudert. (CIL. i. 1409) 10 f. A far more detailed formula is given by Cic. Att. iii. 23. 3.
[2954] “Si quid sacri sancti est, quod non iure sit rogatum, eius hac lege nihil rogatur”; Probus, in Gramm. Lat. iv. 273.
[2955] P. 233 f.
[2956] Lex de imp. Vesp. in CIL. vi. 930; Bruns, Font. Iur. 193 f.; Girard, Textes, 106: “Si quis huiusce legis ergo adversus leges rogationes plebisve scita senatusve consulta fecit fecerit, sive, quod eum ex lege rogatione plebisve scito senatusve consulto facere oportebit, non fecerit huius legis ergo, id ei ne fraudi esto, neve quit ob eam rem populo dare debeto, neve cui de ea re actio neve iudicatio esto, neve quis de ea re apud se agi sinito.” Although this document may have been a senatus consultum, it has the form of a law and is so called by itself; cf. Mommsen, Röm. Staatsr. ii. 876-9. All such formulae were indicated by the series of initial letters of the component words; Probus, in Gramm. Lat. iv. 272 f.
[2957] Fest. 314. 29: “Neve per saturam abrogato aut derogato”; Lex Tudert. 9; Cic. Att. iii. 23. 3.
[2958] This is true of the Lex Lat. Bant. (p. 380), the Appuleian laws (p. 395), and the Julian agrarian law of 59 (p. 440).