[28] Art. 63.—A compromise between the former Bundesrat, where the delegates were plenipotentiaries representing semi-sovereign States, and the centralising draft of Preuss, where they were no more than politicians chosen on party, not on particularist, grounds.
[29] Art. 71.—A curious little example of provincial jealousy, which substituted "capital" for "Berlin."
[30] Art. 76.—"It is an essential of democratic constitutions that they be difficult of amendment" (Preuss). On the other hand, such difficulties have their danger, as in 1851, when Louis Napoleon obtained a simple majority but not a two-thirds majority for an amendment; which led eventually to a coup d'etat and a complete overthrow of the Constitution.
[31] See Art. 169.
[32] See Art. 170.
[33] See Art. 171.
[34] These principles were formerly mostly provided for in the German Code; though some, and they the most important, were previously only guaranteed by State Law.
[35] See Art. 175.
[36] Art. 109.—Equality of the sexes and abolition of titles, is of course, an innovation.