Adjutant General.

CONTENTS

Chapter I
Organization of the Company for Battle Formations
PAGE
Specialists—Organization of a Typical Company—Use of Specialists—In the Defensive—In the Offensive—Formations—Initial Formation—Close Order and March Formation—Approach March—Skirmisher Line—Assaulting Formations—Composition of Lines—Drill Regulations[1]
Chapter II
Development of a Position from an Open Warfare Battle
General Use of Fortifications—Change from Battle Lines to Trenches of a Position—Division of a Position—Different Lines of a Sector—Principles of Organization—Flanking Fire—Field of Fire—Location of Trenches—Compartments—Concealment—Elements of Organization—Plan—Outline of First Line—Cover Trench—Advance Posts—Loopholes—Traverses—Transversals—Support Trenches and Redoubts—Boyaux and Communication Ditches—Accessory Defenses—Command Posts[34]
Chapter III
Sector and Trench Duties
Plan of Defense—Definition—Principles—Form of—Details of Trench Duty—Guard Duties—Sentinels—Reconnoitering Patrols—Observers—Attrition—Fighting Patrols and Raids—Arms, Equipment, and Ammunition—Activities of the Troops—Reports—Use of Infantry and Artillery Weapons, and Liaison—Machine Guns—Trench Mortars—Artillery Support—Use—Barrage—Liaison—Instructions for Sentinels—Watchers—Observers[62]
Chapter IV
The Relief
Definitions and Principles—Kinds—Preliminary Dispositions for the Relief—Time to Prepare—Preparation—Reconnaissance—Relief Orders—General—Battalion—Movement of the Relief—Departure—March to Rendezvous of Guides—Guides—March in the Boyaux—Occupation of the Position—Duties after[104]
Chapter V
Defense of a Position
Hostile Attacks—Kinds—Surprise—Precautions against—Maintenance of Barbed Wire Entanglements—Service of Guard and Observation—“Stand To” Exercises—Attack in Force—Revealing Symptoms—Preventive Measures before—Perfecting Organization of Position—Increase of Control and Discipline of Defense—Moral Preparation of the Troops—Maintenance of the Garrison during the Bombardment—Reply with Artillery Fire—Defense of First Line during Assault—Duties of Watchers—Defenders of the First Line—Fighting in the Interior of the Position—Defense of an Area—The Counterattack—Troops Detailed for—Routes or Directions—Form of—Repair of Position[123]
Chapter VI
Attack of a Position
Phases—Preparation—Assault against First Hostile Line—Exploitation of Success—Preparation—Front of Attack—Conditions of Assault—Distance of—Trace of Lines of Departure—Ground Preparation—Organization of Assault—Execution of the Works—Artillery Preparation—Counter-Battery Fire—Fire on Communication Routes, etc.—Destructive Fire—Plan of Action—Observation—Control—Plan of Battle—Strength of Enemy—Preparation of Men for Attack—Mission of Attack—The Assault—Disposition in Depth—Waves—Assaulting Companies—Supporting Companies—Disposition of Assaulting Battalion in the Departure Trenches—Order of Attack—Departure of Assault—Support Artillery—Departure of First Echelon—Departure of Second Echelon—Advance of Reserves—Fighting in the Interior of a Position—Principle of—Details of—Assaulting Companies—Reinforcing Companies—Rôle of the Artillery during the Attack—Principle of Accompaniment Fire—Means of Controlling Barrage—Liaisons during Attack—Aviation[152]
Chapter VII
Model of Trench Orders
Plan of Defense—Order for Relief—Plan of Attack—Order for Attack—Order for a Raid[196]
Chapter VIII
Special Operations
Raids—Preparation—Purpose of—Troops Employed—Objective of—Execution of—Infantry Support—Artillery Support—Gas Warfare—Kinds—Protections against—Special Precautionary Measures—Liquid Fire—Mines[216]

Tactics and Duties for Trench Fighting

CHAPTER I
ORGANIZATION OF THE COMPANY FOR BATTLE FORMATIONS

I. Specialists

The exigencies of modern warfare, especially of trench warfare, have developed new infantry weapons. As there are several kinds of these weapons to each infantry company, the men detailed to handle them must be trained as specialists. The weapons are:

The men who use these weapons are respectively known as: