ANALYSIS, USES AND HEAT TREATMENT OF VARIOUS GRADES OF TOOL STEELS.
Providing the many complications and difficulties which accompany the melting, hammering, rolling, annealing, inspecting and finishing operations, have been successfully accomplished, the chemical analysis of the best grades of tool steel should come within the following limits:
TYPICAL ANALYSIS OF HIGH SPEED STEEL.
| Carbon | . | 66 | % |
| Tungsten | 18. | 01 | % |
| Chromium | 4. | 50 | % |
| Vanadium | . | 98 | % |
| Phosphorus | . | 023 | % |
| Sulphur | . | 021 | % |
| Manganese | . | 285 | % |
| Silicon | . | 228 | % |
| Iron (by deduction) | 75. | 293 | % |
USES.
Turning, Boring, Planing, Slotting, Shaping Tools. Also Twist Drills, Milling Cutters, Gear Cutters, Taps, Reamers, Special Dies, etc.
HEAT TREATMENT.
Heat slowly in pre-heater to 1700 degrees Fahrenheit. Then rapidly in superheater to 2300 degrees Fahrenheit, taking care not to burn or fuse delicate projections on special tools. Harden either in air blast, or in good clean oil; keeping tool in motion. In all cases merely the end of the tool to white heat. Draw in oil from 400 degrees Fahrenheit to 600 degrees Fahrenheit.
TYPICAL ANALYSIS OF DIE STEEL FOR HOT WORK.
| Carbon | . | 39 | % |
| Tungsten | 8. | 41 | % |
| Chromium | 2. | 10 | % |
| Phosphorus | . | 019 | % |
| Sulphur | . | 017 | % |
| Manganese | . | 315 | % |
| Silicon | . | 234 | % |
| Iron (by deduction) | 88. | 515 | % |